Environmental impacts of urban development and sustainable landscape management: the case of Muratpaşa, Antalya
Abstract
Problem statement. Intensive urbanization stands out as a phenomenon that significantly affects environmental change and raises serious concerns about the sustainability of cities. The pressure of human activities on ecological areas causes regional ecological networks to shrink and become less connected, leads to increased pollution, deterioration of ecological functions and poses serious threats to the sustainable development of cities. This study comprehensively examines the environmental impacts of urbanization and its consequences on urban landscapes in the Muratpaşa district of Antalya. The research focuses specifically on green space distribution, carbon emissions, and land use changes, assessing how these factors influence sustainable urban development. Muratpaşa, characterized by rapid urbanization and population growth, represents a critical area for environmental and ecological sustainability.
Purpose. The primary aim of the research is to analyze the environmental impacts of urban development in Muratpaşa, to reveal the effects on the urban landscape by using the variables affected in this process, identify land use changes, and make future projections. The study seeks to address inequalities in green space distribution, carbon emissions, and the evolving dynamics of urban landscapes, providing recommendations for sustainable urban planning.
Research methods. The study employed CORINE land cover data, Landsat satellite imagery, the GHG Protocol, artificial neural networks, and Geographic Information Systems (ArcGIS). Analyses included green space evaluation, land use classification, carbon emission calculations, and projections for land use in 2040. Additionally, the distribution of green spaces was analyzed at the neighborhood level based on population density.
Research results. The research reveals a dramatic increase in motor vehicle numbers and carbon emissions in Muratpaşa between 1994 and 2023. During the same period, green spaces declined, while urbanization accelerated. Coastal neighborhoods had higher proportions of green spaces, whereas inland areas showed significantly lower levels. Projections for 2040 indicate further reductions in green spaces and increased urbanization. CORINE data demonstrated that agricultural lands and natural habitats are under significant pressure from urban development.
Conclusion. The Muratpaşa district is at a critical juncture in terms of environmental sustainability. Reducing land use changes, carbon emissions, and inequalities in green space distribution requires the adoption of sustainable urban planning strategies. Preserving green spaces, supporting biodiversity, and minimizing the carbon footprint are essential for achieving comprehensive sustainability policies.
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