ADAPTATION OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION TO THE NORMS OF THE EU ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

Introduction. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the adaptation process of Ukraine's national legislation to Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, known as the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act). The study aims to identify the key challenges facing the Ukrainian legal system in implementing this act and to develop grounded proposals for strategic directions of harmonisation. The methodological basis of the work consists of general scientific and special methods of cognition, including comparative-legal, systemic-structural, formal-dogmatic, and forecasting methods.

Summary of the main results of the study. The key principles and structure of the AI Act are examined, emphasising a risk-based approach that classifies artificial intelligence (AI) systems into four risk levels. An audit of the current state of AI legal regulation in Ukraine was conducted, revealing its fragmented nature and the absence of a comprehensive, systemic approach, which creates a significant normative gap with EU legislation. The novelty of the research lies in the systematisation of challenges for Ukraine, which are classified into four groups: normative, institutional, technical-legal, and economic.

Conclusion. It is substantiated that the most critical challenge is institutional, related to the absence of a competent national supervisory authority. For the first time, a comprehensive roadmap for adaptation is proposed, envisioning a phased approach. The research results are of practical importance for legislative bodies, scholars, and representatives of the IT industry.