Noospheric vision of the concept of sustainable development
Abstract
Introduction. The absence of a paradigm for socio-natural development at the noospheric level is now confirmed by the almost complete failure of the concept of sustainable development (especially after Rio+20). Instead of its original restrictive content, the current "strategy" for sustainable development with 17 goals contains only three that are truly close to the high ideals of Rio-92. The rest of the goals emphasize the intensification of economic development at the expense of the planet's natural resources. The authors are deeply convinced that the biosphere's direct response to the expansion of our species is numerous cataclysms, pandemics, and wars.
The purpose of this study is to identify socio-natural systems in space and time, which will help determine where humans are now and how far they have "broken away" from the biosphere on the complex and long path to the noosphere/sustainable development.
Research methods. The study is based on an analysis of fundamental natural science works, huge amounts of data on the spatial organization of agriculture in the Kharkiv and Cherkasy regions, and the results of previous studies. In addition to traditional methods of geographical and ecological research, cartographic methods were widely used, in particular the author's methodology of elementary GIS (EGIS), historical-geographical and historiosophical research, modeling, and the development of possible scenarios for the development of socio-natural interaction.
Main findings. The interpretation of the mechanisms of aggravation of the global environmental problem within the evolutionary process is considered in terms of the categories and concepts of the natural history paradigm. It is stated that the global environmental problem is the result of spatial inconsistency of territorial combinations of different types of ecosystems – agroecosystems, urban ecosystems, and infrastructure ecosystems. The main reason for the ineffectiveness of the concept of sustainable development is the incorrect positioning of the species "Homo" in the planet's biosphere. It has been substantiated that the "ecotope" of Homo sapiens goes far beyond the organismic level of species organization and encompasses the ecosystem level, forming an agroecosystem as an ecological niche with moving spatial boundaries. Based on an analysis of the evolution of agroecosystems in the Kharkiv region over a 3-year period, it has been established that the cause of the aggravation of the global environmental problem is the spatial inconsistency of territorial combinations of noospheric ecosystems. A possible way to harmonize the development of nature and society could be the spatial rotation of the functions of agro- and urban ecosystems while preserving the connecting functions of infraecosystems and striving for contact-type boundaries.
Scientific novelty and practical value. The proposed ideal model of socio-natural interaction in the process of nature use, based on the principle of spatial rotation, radically changes the main direction of interaction between nature and society from anthropocentric to adaptive. At the same time, one of the main conditions for noospheric (sustainable) development is fulfilled—a change in the structure and functions of natural ecosystems by humans that leaves them capable of self-reproduction.
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