UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN GERMANY: STRATEGIES OF SUPPORT DURING THE WAR AND PROSPECTS FOR ENGAGEMENT IN UKRAINE'S RECOVERY
Abstract
This study examines the strategies of support for Ukraine by the Ukrainian diaspora in Germany during the war and identifies prospects for its involvement in post-war recovery. The research is grounded in Mezirow’s transformative learning theory and its application to migratory societies, transnationalism theory developed by Glick-Schiller, Faist, and other scholars, and Levitt’s concept of social remittances, which help understand the dynamics of adaptation, transnational practices, and the diaspora’s contribution to Ukraine’s recovery. Methodologically, the study is based on a longitudinal analysis (2022–2026) using 45 in-depth interviews with Ukrainian refugees in Germany. Data analysis, conducted through Grounded Theory, allowed for the identification and systematization of key categories related to the transnational practices of Ukrainian refugees, their perceptions of Ukrainian community formation and mutual support, and their personal strategies for supporting Ukraine. Based on these categories, three models of transnational engagement were identified, reflecting different levels of refugee involvement in supporting Ukraine and their adaptation in Germany: (1) Active transnational engagement and support (combining integration in Germany with regular support for Ukraine). (2) Expectant position with reliance on transnational practices (postponing return until stabilization in Ukraine while maintaining ties). (3) Local integration with minimal connections (focus on adaptation in Germany without active involvement in Ukraine’s recovery). The study explores how the diaspora contributes to Ukraine’s recovery through financial remittances, volunteering, cultural diplomacy, and advocacy for Ukraine’s interests. Special attention is given to the role of transnational practices as a mechanism for supporting Ukraine and a resource for refugee adaptation. The potential role of refugee return as a catalyst for positive change, given security and economic stability, is highlighted. The study emphasizes the need to develop strategies for engaging the diaspora in recovery efforts through transnational educational programs, business initiative support, and digital platforms for coordinating humanitarian initiatives.
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