NON-COMPETE AGREEMENTS: CIVIL LAW ASPECT
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problems of legal regulation of non-compete agreements in the civil law of Ukraine. The author considers non-compete agreements as one of the types of negative obligations. Emphasis is placed on the insufficient regulation of the research subjects in the national legislation.
The author outlines the range of civil law contracts in which non-compete clauses are used in practice. The content of non-compete clauses in supply, distribution, agency, and lease agreements has been clarified. It is indicated that the ban on competition may concern the list of goods, the price of sale to other buyers, the territory of distribution of goods, counterparties under contracts.
It is emphasized that transactions concerning the conclusion of non-compete agreements can be disputed on the basis of violation of the principle of freedom of contract, freedom of entrepreneurial activity, restriction of civil capacity, and unlawful restriction of competition. The author proposes to apply to non-compete agreements the doctrine of reciprocal provision, which is the property of the Anglo-American legal family. Accordingly, the presence of material compensation of the obliged person in non-compete agreements ensures a balance of the interests of the parties.
The possibility of applying the legal provision of Part 3 of Art. 538 of the Civil Code of Ukraine on stopping or refusing to fulfill the counter obligation in case of violation of the non-competition condition is analyzed. The author emphasizes that the main effect of the violation of the non-compete agreement is the failure of the creditor to receive the income he was counting on. Since recovery of lost profits is problematic in national judicial practice, a proposal is put forward to take into account the possible amount of lost income when determining compensation for non-competition.
Non-competition agreements are characterized as negative obligations that are characterized by an intangible object, indivisibility, duration, personal nature, and the impossibility of forced performance in kind.
Downloads
References
/References
Вавженчук С., Вєршинін Д. Види і критерії дійсності угод про неконкуренцію // Підприємництво, господарство і право. 2020. № 1. С. 65-70.
Гужва А. М. Негативні зобов’язання у цивільному праві: постановка проблеми // Вісник Харківського національного університету імені В. Н. Каразіна. Серія «ПРАВО». Випуск 28, 2019. С. 50-59.
Постанова від 17.08.2022 р. у справі 761/15245/18. Київський апеляційний суд. Єдиний державний реєстр судових рішень. : URL : https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/105806313 (дата звернення: 16.01.2022).
Рим О.М. Запобігання конкуренції у трудових правовідносинах. Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук за спеціальністю 12.00.05 – трудове право; право соціального забезпечення. Львів, Національний ун-т ім. І. Франка, 2008. 192 с.
Шуміло М. М. Договір про неконкуренцію (заборону конкуренції) в трудовому праві // Науковий вісник Ужгородського Національного Університету, Серія ПРАВО. 2022. Випуск 70. С. 253-261.
Цуркану С. І. Договори про неконкуренцію: сьогодення і перспективи // Юридичний бюлетень. 2021. Випуск 23.С. 105-114.
Deplano S. Le obbligazioni negative : Napoli : Pubblicazioni del Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza dell'Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. 224 p.
Coviello L. L'obbligazione negativa : contributo alla teoria delle obbligazioni : Napoli : Pubblicazioni della Scuola di Perfezionamento in Diritto Civile dell'Università di Camerino, 1934. 340 p.
Mark R. Filipp. Covenants Not to Compete. New York : Wolters Kluwer, 2016. 1386 p.
Marx. M., Fleming L. Non-compete Agreements: Barriersto Entry...and Exit? // Innovation Policy and the EconomyVolume 12, Chicago, 2012. Issue 1. p. 39-64.
Wijckmans F., Tuytschaever F. Vertical Agreements in EU Competition Law. Oxford : New York University Press Inc., 2018. 498 p.
Vavzhenchuk S., Viershynin D. Vydy i kryterii diisnosti uhod pro nekonkurentsiiu // Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo. 2020. № 1. S. 65-70.
Guzhva A. M. Nehatyvni zoboviazannia u tsyvilnomu pravi: postanovka problemy // Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V. N. Karazina. Seriia «PRAVO». Vypusk 28, 2019. S. 50-59.
Postanova vid 17.08.2022 r. u spravi 761/15245/18. Kyivskyi apeliatsiinyi sud. Yedynyi derzhavnyi reiestr sudovykh rishen. : URL : https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/105806313 (data zvernennia: 16.01.2022).
Rym O.M. Zapobihannia konkurentsii u trudovykh pravovidnosynakh. Dysertatsiia na zdobuttia naukovoho stupenia kandydata yurydychnykh nauk za spetsialnistiu 12.00.05 – trudove pravo; pravo sotsialnoho zabezpechennia. Lviv, Natsionalnyi un-t im. I. Franka, 2008. 192 s.
Shumilo M. M. Dohovir pro nekonkurentsiiu (zaboronu konkurentsii) v trudovomu pravi // Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho Natsionalnoho Universytetu, Seriia PRAVO. 2022. Vypusk 70. S. 253-261.
Tsurkanu S. I. Dohovory pro nekonkurentsiiu: sohodennia i perspektyvy // Yurydychnyi biuleten. 2021. Vypusk 23.S. 105-114.
Deplano S. Le obbligazioni negative : Napoli : Pubblicazioni del Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza dell'Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. 224 p.
Coviello L. L'obbligazione negativa : contributo alla teoria delle obbligazioni : Napoli : Pubblicazioni della Scuola di Perfezionamento in Diritto Civile dell'Università di Camerino, 1934. 340 p.
Mark R. Filipp. Covenants Not to Compete. New York : Wolters Kluwer, 2016. 1386 p.
Marx. M., Fleming L. Non-compete Agreements: Barriersto Entry...and Exit? // Innovation Policy and the EconomyVolume 12, Chicago, 2012. Issue 1. p. 39-64.
Wijckmans F., Tuytschaever F. Vertical Agreements in EU Competition Law. Oxford : New York University Press Inc., 2018. 498 p.
Copyright (c) 2022 Антон Гужва
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.