Економічний розвиток Об’єднаної Республіки Танзанії
Анотація
Досягнення збалансованого економічного зростання є одним із пріоритетів урядів країн, що розвиваються. Особливо це актуально для певних державних акторів Африки, що мають сприятливе географічне розташування та вагомий демографічний ресурс. Доволі вдалою є стратегія Об’єднаної Республіки Танзанія, яка не лише демонструє суттєве збільшення ВВП, але і перебуває у гострій конкуренції за регіональне лідерство з сусідньою Кенією. Об’єктом є економічна політика Танзанії, а предметом – національні інтереси, ресурси та механізми здійснення управління процесами зростання її національної економіки. Тому мета статті - виявлення зрівняльних переваг Танзанії та особливостей її економічного розвитку. У роботі було застосовано системний підхід, що розглядає економічну політику країни як сукупність елементів, що перебувають у взаємодії. З’ясовано, що Танзанія є стратегічним у логістичному відношенні гравцем Східної Африки, який водночас має належний туристичний потенціал, уособлений горою Кіліманджаро, національними парками світового значення і популярними островами в Індійському океані. Підґрунтям її економічної стратегії є орієнтація на сферу транспортних і туристичних послуг, що можна вважати доволі незвичайним явищем у континентальному вимірі. Водночас вона намагається ефективно використовувати і свої можливості у сільському господарстві та гірничій промисловості, а також активно розбудовує транспортну інфраструктуру, щоб перетворитись на основний логістичний осередок у регіоні. Крім того, Танзанія робить спроби освоювати комерційні поклади нафти й природного газу. Вагоме значення мають і зовнішньоекономічні зв’язки країни, яка орієнтується на Китай, що є її головним торговельним партнером та великим інвестором у інфраструктурні проєкти. Разом з тим, танзанійська політична еліта активно диверсифікує свої контакти, поглиблюючи співпрацю і з Туреччиною. Комплекс цих факторів дозволяє їй забезпечувати збалансований економічний розвиток, а також здобути певні конкурентні переваги у боротьбі з Кенією за лідерство у регіоні Східної Африки.
Завантаження
Посилання
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