The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series: International Relations. Economics. Country Studies. Tourism

Аnalysis of the consumption of tobacco products in the world and methods of its reduction applied in the EU and in Ukraine within european integration

2023-08-08T07:41:48+00:00

In today's world, the health status of a society has become a real criterion for the level of socio-economic development. Many studies show that premature mortality from non-communicable diseases is usually accompanied by low or no economic growth and leads to macroeconomic problems. Combating tobacco use is one of the goals of sustainable development. The subject of this article is the consumption of tobacco products in the world and ways to reduce it. The purpose is to identify who is a consumer of tobacco products in different countries of the world, what gender, age, and income is a modern consumer, as well as to study the measures to reduce tobacco dependence that take place in the European Union, the experience of their adoption by Ukraine, and to identify the impact of these measures on smoking rates. Objectives: to investigate who the consumers of tobacco products are in different countries and what proportion of the population they represent, to identify whether there is a real relationship between income and consumption of tobacco products, to study how the portrait of a typical consumer changes with the introduction of innovative smokeless tobacco products, to determine whether legislative and fiscal methods affect the level of consumption of tobacco products. Methods: the historical method and comparative analysis were used to study the rollout of smoking cessation programmes and legislative changes related to this; statistical analysis was used to refute the hypothesis of a link between smoking and income in the country; the logical method was used to determine the factors that determine the level of consumption of tobacco products in different countries; correlation analysis was used to identify the relationship between the growth of excise tax and the reduction of smoking in Ukraine. The following results were obtained: the hypothesis of a greater propensity to smoke in low- and middle-income countries was not confirmed; the level and manner of tobacco consumption in different countries is influenced by culture; a greater number of smokers live in low- and middle-income countries, as the majority of the world's population lives there; within a particular country, a higher proportion of smokers is observed in the poor compared to the rich (although there are exceptions); the reason for this may be the lifestyle and cultural environment of the poor; higher smoking rates among the poor are a problem because they redistribute their limited budget to addictive goods; changes in legislation have introduced the concept of smokeless tobacco products, which has allowed for various restrictions to be applied to them; it has been proven that there is an inverse relationship between the amount of excise tax and smoking rates in Ukraine, so fiscal measures are working. Conclusions: Governments and socially responsible tobacco corporations now face a new challenge: to eliminate the positive image of smokeless tobacco products in the eyes of children and young people, and to address the fact that these products are the first ones they start smoking with.

Еconomic development of the United Republic of Tanzania

2023-08-08T07:42:53+00:00

Achieving balanced economic growth is one of the priorities of governments in developing countries. This is especially relevant for certain African countries that have such characteristics as a favorable geographical location and considerable demographic resource. The policy of the United Republic of Tanzania is an example of successful strategy, since the country not only demonstrates a dynamic growth of GDP, but also competes for regional leadership with neighboring Kenya. The object is the economic policy of Tanzania, while the subject is represented by national interests, resources, and the tools of management of processes of national economic growth. Because of this the article aims at establishing comparative advantages of Tanzania and the peculiarities of its economic advancement. The system approach is used in the article, since it analyzes the economic policy as the set of elements that interact with each other. It was found that Tanzania is a strategic player in East Africa in terms of logistics that at the same time enjoys an appropriate tourism potential, represented by Mount Kilimanjaro, the national parks of international importance, and the popular islands in the Indian Ocean. The basis of the national economic strategy is the focus on transport and tourist services, which can be considered rather unusual for the African continent. At the same time, Tanzania is trying to effectively use its opportunities in the fields of agriculture and mining industry and is also actively developing transport infrastructure in order to become a logistics hub in the region. Moreover, the country is taking steps to exploit the commercial reserves of oil and natural gas. Tanzania’s foreign economic ties play an important role. This state actor has Chinese orientation since Beijing is its main trading partner and a major investor in infrastructure projects. Tanzanian political elite is also actively diversifying its contacts by deepening the cooperation with Türkiye. The complex of these factors helps to ensure balanced economic development, as well as to gain certain advantages in the competition with Kenya for the leadership in the East African region.

Default risk and fiscal sustainability in PIIGS countries

2023-08-08T07:43:41+00:00

During the entire period of existence and expansion of the European Union, the integration of the economies of the new countries of the union was strengthened. Thus, in the 1990s, the term "PIIGS countries" was born, which became the most widespread after the financial crisis in the EU in 2008, and which was often used in relation to the southern European countries of the EU (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain), which were the most affected from growing debt and economic vulnerability. There have always been less developed states and more problematic countries in the economic environment, which today fall under the classification of peripheral countries of the European Union. The subject of research in the article is the default risk and fiscal stability of the PIIGS countries. The goal is to identify existing default risks and existing violations of fiscal stability in the PIIGS countries. The objective is to research the dynamics of the development of the economies of the PIIGS countries in the conditions of modern crises and challenges. General scientific methods are used, such as system analysis - to determine the peculiarities of the development of the economies of the PIIGS countries, the method of comparative analysis, thanks to which the peculiarities of the economies of the PIIGS countries, the peculiarities of their debt and fiscal policies are analyzed. Also, comparative analysis is used to study the difference between the PIIGS countries in terms of their default risk and fiscal sustainability. The following results were obtained: based on the analysis of the debt and fiscal stability of the PIIGS countries, problematic aspects were identified and the components of the economies of these countries were determined, as well as the factors influencing the risk of default and the quality of the fiscal stability of the PIIGS countries were calculated. Conclusions: The article identifies default risks for each of the PIIGS countries and their level of fiscal sustainability. Various methods of solving economic problems for the PIIGS countries have been studied and proposed, which will help these countries avoid default and improve their fiscal sustainability. Each of the PIIGS countries was studied separately. This made it possible to draw acceptable conclusions about each country.

Current problems of international information security

2023-08-08T07:44:26+00:00

The problems and areas of ensuring effective international information security are considered, which are based on the analysis of the current state of global cybercrime, the existing main directions of global cyberattacks and the development of possible methods and means of countering them, with the use of current research and reporting materials of specialized international companies specializing in the problems of international information security security and the development of appropriate comprehensive tools for its provision. The subject of research in the article is the issue of ensuring international information security, cyber protection and combating cybercrime. The goal is to analyze the current state and current problems of international information security to ensure its effective management at the state and corporate levels in various countries and regions of the world. Tasks: processing and analysis of the latest reports and conclusions concerning the current state of international information security in various countries and regions of the world; research of the main information threats, their types, current directions and sources; analysis of existing and promising directions and means of countering information threats to ensure effective international information security. The general scientific method of system analysis is used - to identify existing information and cyber threats and analyze their features, as well as to research existing and promising ways of combating them. The following results were obtained: based on the results of processing reports and the conclusions of the Microsoft Digital Defense Report concerning the current state of international information security in various countries and regions of the world, the main information threats, their types, current directions, goals and sources were investigated. Current issues of international cybercrime based on the use of ransomware, as well as the main target areas of relevant cyberattacks, have been determined. Existing and promising directions and means of countering information threats to ensure effective international information security are analyzed. The main trends in increasing the level of cyber protection and information security in the world have been determined. Conclusions: It is shown that as the number, sophistication and impact of online threats increase, to counter them, international organizations, companies and individuals must take measures to strengthen the so-called first line of defense, in particular, use strong multi-factor authentication. It was determined that at the moment there are three main trends in increasing the level of cyber protection and information security in the world: the implementation of unprecedented steps by the leading countries of the world to solve the problem of cyber security using already existing laws and powers; the adoption and introduction by governments around the world of new laws that require organizations to report on the detection of cyber attacks; voluntary notification by governments and international companies to the public when they become victims of attacks. The trend is also a further increase in the number and scope of cyber-attacks for any political purpose, be it espionage, subversion or destruction. At the same time, it is expected that more countries will join the list of those participating in offensive cyber operations, and that these operations will become more daring, persistent and disruptive, with more serious consequences. At the same time, in order to counter this, governments and international companies are making more and more efforts to counter these informational dangers.

Theoretical basis of studying authoritarianism as a challenge to the international order

2023-08-08T07:45:11+00:00

The international order is a complex system that determines the interaction between states and other actors on the world stage. One of the main challenges facing the international order is the spread of authoritarianism. Therefore, understanding the theoretical foundations of the study of authoritarianism is extremely important for analyzing its impact on the international arena and developing countermeasures. The subject of research in the article is the international legal order. The goal is to study the theoretical foundations of authoritarianism as a challenge to the international order. Tasks: to characterize the main approaches to understanding international and world order, as well as to consider modern authoritarianism as a key challenge to international order and security. General scientific methods are used: analytical analysis to reveal the main conceptual approaches and theory related to authoritarianism and its impact on the international order; synthetic method – made it possible to integrate and systematize the obtained results, with the aim of forming a holistic view of authoritarianism as a challenge to the international order. The following results were obtained: the study of the theoretical foundations of authoritarianism is important for understanding its impact on the international order and for developing effective strategies to counter it. A detailed analysis of the factors contributing to the emergence of authoritarianism, as well as identifying the challenges it poses to the international order, contributes to the formation of political and legal measures to support democracy and protect human rights. The study of authoritarianism can be aimed at the development of international strategies to support democratic transformations and the construction of an international order based on the principles of freedom, equality and justice. Conclusions: the theoretical foundations for the study of authoritarianism as a challenge to the international order are highlighted. Authoritarianism is characterized, the reasons for its emergence, and its impact on the international order is analyzed. It has been proven that the study of authoritarianism can be useful for developing strategies to counter authoritarian regimes, strengthen democracy and ensure the protection of human rights in the international context. The important role of the international community in countering authoritarianism and maintaining international order has been proven. It is justified that it highlights the importance of cooperation between countries, international organizations and civil society in ensuring democratic transformations and protecting basic rights and freedoms. The effectiveness of diplomatic pressure and support of democratic forces in authoritarian regimes to strengthen the international order is also analyzed and a conclusion drawn.

Review and comparative analysis of energy security concepts of the European Union and Ukraine

2023-08-17T08:26:09+00:00

The article is devoted to research and comparison of approaches to ensuring energy security in the European Union (EU) and Ukraine. The article analyzes the main aspects of energy security, such as ensuring energy independence, stability and sustainability of the supply of energy resources, the development of energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources, integration into a single energy space, as well as the challenges faced by both sides. The article highlights similarities and differences in approaches to ensuring energy security. Among the common aspects is the recognition of the importance of energy security and the significant attention paid to it by both parties. Both sides are also working on diversifying supply sources and improving energy efficiency. At the same time, there are differences in the development of energy infrastructure and access to resources, where the EU has a developed and diversified system, and Ukraine faces challenges and limitations. The article examines the prospects for the development of the energy sector in both contexts. The EU aims to ensure a stable, stable and sustainable supply of energy resources through the development of a single energy market and cooperation with other countries. Ukraine also has the potential to develop its energy sector, particularly in the field of renewable energy, which can contribute to reducing dependence on imports and ensure a stable and sustainable energy supply. Ukraine's integration into the single energy space of the EU and support and investment from the EU for the development of Ukraine's energy sector are considered important. The article also provides the necessary steps to ensure energy security in Ukraine. Among them, it is worth highlighting the modernization of the energy system, cooperation with the EU and other countries, diversification of supply, improvement of energy infrastructure, increasing energy awareness of the population and harmonization of legislation with European standards. Different research methods were used to obtain reasonable results. The article analyzed the official documents and strategies of the EU and Ukraine related to energy security. This analysis made it possible to identify the main principles and approaches used in each of the concepts. The article is supported by a review of current scientific research and publications on energy security that relate to the EU and Ukraine. This literature review identified key aspects and trends in the field. Deduction and induction methods were used for comparative analysis. The application of the deduction method made it possible to proceed from the general provisions and principles formulated in official documents to derive specific conclusions regarding energy security. With the help of the induction method, an analysis of specific facts and data was carried out, from which generalizations and the formulation of general conclusions were made. The general conclusion of the article is that both the European Union and Ukraine strive to ensure energy security, but their approaches and priorities may differ. The challenges facing both sides require continued effort and cooperation to achieve a sustainable and sustainable energy future.

ROSE ACCOUNTING SERVICES platform from ORACLE BUSINESS SUITE as an alternative to 1c for automation of accounting, financial and management accounting in Ukraine

2023-08-08T07:46:41+00:00

Traditional systems of accounting, financial and management accounting in Ukraine and the world are becoming more and more automated. The COVID-19 pandemic and military aggression accelerated these processes. Therefore, the use of a digital accounting office and cloud platforms in the daily work of an accountant is quite relevant. However, the modern realities of doing business in Ukraine require the search for an alternative product and replacement of the existing and widespread 1C program for the automation of accounting, financial and management accounting. The subject of the study is the functionality of the ROSE ACCOUNTING SERVICES platform from ORACLE BUSINESS SUITE for accounting, financial and management accounting. The purpose is to review and familiarize with the ROSE ACCOUNTING SERVICES program from ORACLE BUSINESS SUITE, as an alternative to using the 1C program. In view of this, the task of the work is to get acquainted with the functional modules of the proposed program. In the course of the study, such empirical methods as description were applied - to familiarize with general information about the functionality of the ROSE AS program, and theoretical - explanation and classification - for a more detailed study of the existing modules. The obtained results indicate the compliance of the proposed program with the requirements for effective accounting, financial and management accounting in Ukraine. Conclusions: the use of the proposed ROSE ACCOUNTING SERVICES platform from ORACLE BUSINESS SUITE for the automation of accounting, financial and management accounting at Ukrainian enterprises can become a worthy alternative to the use of the 1C program and meets the requirements for accounting, financial and management accounting in Ukraine

Мethodological principles for assessing the transparency of energy companies of Ukraine

2023-08-08T07:47:51+00:00

In modern conditions, the Concept of Sustainable Development has become a mandatory component of the strategy of any enterprise. This is facilitated by many factors, the main of which is the increasing of sustainable companies’ competitiveness because of improvement of stakeholders` attitude towards the company, which causes both increasing of the demand and increasing of its investment attractiveness. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 occupies a special place among all goals of sustainable development, because on the one hand, most of the SDGs can be implemented exclusively with the provision of energy, on the other hand, the energy sector is traditionally one of the main sources of environmental pollution, which can be significantly reduced by transition to renewable energy. The relevance of the study is also connected with the crucial need to restore the energy infrastructure of Ukraine destroyed during the invasion by the aggressor country; the investment process can only take place under the conditions of transparency of the investment objects. This study is aimed toward formation of methodological principles of Ukrainian energy companies` transparency evaluating. Based on foreign authors works studying the authors propose the mechanism for calculating the integral indicator of transparency of energy companies of Ukraine, which includes four groups of factors (CSR factors, ESG factors, SD factors, assessment of the fight against corruption). Each factor is evaluated using binary evaluations based on studying of public information of companies (management reports, integrated reports, information on the company's official website). The use of the proposed methodological principles will contribute to increasing the transparency of companies in the energy sector of Ukraine, which should significantly accelerate the attraction of investments for the restoration of the energy infrastructure destroyed during military operations.

Іmprovement financial management of enterprise taking into account technologies for attracting additional financial resources

2023-08-08T07:48:48+00:00

Economy in Ukraine is experiencing a crisis today. The consequences of the crisis affect the economic activity of an enterprise. One of the possible tools to improve the financial management of an enterprise is to optimize the business process of financial support. Since one of the key indicators of efficiency of economic activity of an airport is passenger traffic, its forecasting is one of the main sources of relevant information for effective financial management of an enterprise. This is proposed to be achieved through the quality management of the subsidiary process of selecting the optimal proposal for attracting additional financial resources. The subject of research in the article is theoretical and methodological approaches to attracting additional financial resources to finance the economic activities of an enterprise. The goal is to generalize the theoretical foundations and provide applied recommendations for improving the financial management of an enterprise on the basis of attracting technologies of additional financial resources. A set of methods of scientific cognition was used, which ensured the conceptual unity of the study, as well as the fundamental provisions of the theory of finance and probability theory and mathematical statistics and the method of functional modeling SADT (IDEF0). The following results were obtained: Two main disadvantages of the subsidiary process have been identified: a high risk of choosing a suboptimal option and a long time spent on choosing the optimal option for attracting additional financial resources. Based on the Holt-Winters multiplicative model, the shortcomings of the process of selecting the optimal proposal for attracting additional financial resources were corrected. This made it possible to identify the optimal sources of attracting additional financial resources necessary for the effective financial management of the enterprise. Conclusions: Crisis situations are an integral part of the functioning of an enterprise in modern conditions. The crisis situation reflects contradictions in the functioning and development of the enterprise and causes the onset of the crisis. In order to prevent it, the enterprise management system faces an important task of implementing anti-crisis mechanisms which would take into account the specifics of economic activity, as well as industry, environmental conditions, market conditions, and form of ownership. The organization of crisis management is a necessary procedure in the management system, as it allows grouping and improving the processes of independent elements of complex economic systems and business processes.

Рrospects for the development of religious and excursion tourism in Ukraine

2023-08-08T07:52:19+00:00

For religious and excursion tourism, sacral buildings that have a special architecture and history are of particular interest, and are often architectural monuments of national significance or represent UNESCO heritage. The subject of the study is the development of religious excursion tourism in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine the state of development and prospects of religious excursion tourism in Ukraine. The goal: to carry out an analysis of the resource base of religious excursion tourism in Ukraine, to determine the state of development of religious excursion tourism in Ukraine; to analyze the foreign experience of the development of religious excursion tourism; to determine the problems and prospects of the development of religious excursion tourism in Ukraine. Research methods used during the writing of the work: statistical, graphic, cartographic, analytical, comparative methods, experimental method, method of scoring. The following results were obtained: the work determined the number of religious buildings of the most common denominations on the territory of Ukraine, architectural monuments of national significance of Ukraine and sacred buildings included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The epochs of the construction of sacred buildings and the inherent styles of building religious architecture are given. The peculiarities of the architecture of religious affiliation in the regions of Ukraine are determined. Existing tours and sight-seeing excursions from the leading domestic tour operators of Ukraine were also analyzed. The current trends in the development of cultural and religious tourism in the Kharkiv region were investigated. Conclusions: the significant destruction of church architecture as a result of the war in Ukraine, insufficient supervision of architecture and lack of funds for its restoration, legal problems, low awareness of the country's tourist representatives about the possibilities of using religious objects for the needs of tourism are identified as problems of the organization of this type of tourism. Among the available prospects, the authors indicate: 3D tours of temples and cathedrals, VR reality, interactive installations, 3D mapping, setting up museums inside churches, camping tourism, etc. Therefore, the sacred architecture of Ukraine is an important factor in the formation of new excursion routes that can interest various groups of tourists whose purpose of travel is religious excursion tourism.

Prospects for the development of gastro tourism in Ukraine in the post-war period

2023-08-08T07:53:07+00:00

Gastronomic tourism is an introduction to the traditional cuisine of a particular area, available to any tourist, not just the fate of the chosen ones. The article highlights the main features, trends, problems and prospects of the development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for the improvement of the gastronomic tourism market of Ukraine, taking into account the realities of the post-war recovery of the industry. The subject of the study is the prospects for the development of gastrotourism in Ukraine in the post-war period. During the writing of the article, official statistical data on the development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine, analytical data on the state of tourist industry facilities, and current legal documents were used. The conducted research was based mainly on the use of methods of theoretical analysis, analysis of statistical data, expert assessments and comparative analysis. The following results were obtained. The paper analyzes the state and prospects of the development of gastrotourism in Ukraine, examines the resource gastronomic potential of the country, and proposes a strategy for the development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine in the post-war period, which is currently very relevant in the context of the restoration of tourism in the country. The areas of strategic development of gastronomic tourism are presented, each of which has its own strategic goals and tasks that must be completed to achieve the set goal. Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, for the further development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine as part of the implementation of the domestic and inbound tourism development program, it is necessary to: develop new gastronomic tourism routes and update the existing ones; develop a program to support small and medium-sized enterprises that participate in the creation and operation of gastronomic tours; to improve the state of the tourist infrastructure, primarily in the places of hostilities; engage in the development of gastronomic brands and their promotion at the national and international levels; ensure the training of highly qualified personnel in the field of service; to develop partnerships with international organizations on matters of tourism and cultural heritage support, etc. Thanks to the proposed measures, it will be possible to ensure the competitiveness of tourist destinations and enterprises, increase the number and quality of jobs, the quality of life of the local population, including by expanding the capabilities of local communities and interested parties in planning and decision-making regarding the management and development of tourism.

Strategic priorities of the development of tourist activities in the Sumy region in the post-war period

2023-08-08T07:54:08+00:00

At the current stage of regional development, Sumy Oblast is still significantly inferior to the Western and Central regions of Ukraine in terms of an integrated assessment of economic efficiency, standard of living, and environmental safety. In addition, external factors, including pandemic restrictions and military invasion, have negatively affected the region's economic situation. The purpose of the article is to analyze the prerequisites for development and the current state of tourism in the Sumy region, as well as to develop proposals for improving its state in the post-war period. The subject of the study is the prospects for the development of tourism in the Sumy region in the post-war period. The research was carried out on the basis of the analysis of official statistical data on the development of tourism and tourist infrastructure in Ukraine, and in particular in the Sumy region. To identify the level of tourism development, economic and statistical methods were used, horizontal and structural analysis of statistical data on tourism development was carried out, which made it possible to identify the peculiarities of the regional development of tourism infrastructure. The following results were obtained. The strategic directions of the development of tourism in the Sumy region in the post-war period have been determined: reconstruction and restoration of the damaged and destroyed tourist infrastructure; liquidation of the consequences of hostilities, complete demining of territories; improving the quality of providing tourist services: training qualified personnel; creation of regional tours and tourist routes in the Sumy region; development of the tourism brand of the Sumy region; increasing the tourist potential of Sumy as a regional center; development of new promising types of tourism; involvement of the local population in the development of tourism; preservation and restoration of natural and cultural monuments. Conclusions. Regional policy in the post-war period should be aimed at prioritizing the tourism industry and creating an effective strategy for the development of tourism in the region and increasing the tourism competitiveness of Sumy Oblast among other administrative and territorial units of Ukraine.

Restaurant revenue management and analytical assessment of its effectiveness

2023-08-08T07:55:37+00:00

The effectiveness of a revenue management system is important for every business, as revenue is a factor that directly affects profit. This issue is especially important for the restaurant business, where the level of costs is much higher than the average in the economy. The subject of the study is modern restaurant revenue management systems used in foreign practice. The goal of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of revenue management and evaluate its effectiveness in the restaurant business. Objectives: (1) to clarify the conceptual apparatus of restaurant revenue management, (2) to study the indicators for assessing the effectiveness of revenue management and their use in the restaurant business, (3) to determine the possibilities of using factor analysis of contribution margin in restaurant revenue management. The study was conducted using the method of a systematic review of scientific literature on this topic. The results of the study showed an ambiguous interpretation of the conceptual apparatus of revenue management and the need to adapt the indicators for assessing the effectiveness of revenue management to the conditions of the restaurant business. Conclusions: yield management, unlike revenue management, is applied to specific conditions and the restaurant business has the corresponding characteristics. Taking into account the specifics of the restaurant business, it is important to analyze the menu in terms of the contribution of each assortment item to profit. For an overall assessment of the restaurant menu, it is advisable to use a multi-criteria ABC-analysis. To quantify the effectiveness of the applied revenue management strategy in the operational order, the indicators CMPASH (Contribution Margin per Available Seat Hour) and CMPASM (Contribution Margin per Available Square Meter) should be used. To study the change in contribution margin as a result of management decisions made based on the results of ABC-analysis, it is advisable to conduct a factor analysis.

Іmprovement of the methodical approach to the analysis of the efficiency of management of the material and technical base of the hotel establishment

2023-08-08T07:56:24+00:00

Rational management and constant updating of the material and technical base are important tasks for any business entity in the hotel sector. The subject of research in the article is the management of the material and technical base of the hotel industry. The purpose of the article is to generalize the theoretical and methodological approaches to the essence, composition and analysis of the effectiveness of management of the material and technical base of a hotel and to substantiate on this basis an improved methodological approach to the assessment of the effectiveness of its management. Research methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, comparison, induction, deduction, abstract-logical method, graphical and tabular methods (for a visual representation of the analyzed material). The following results were obtained: the main approaches to the essence of the concepts "material and technical base of the hotel industry" were analyzed and their differences were established. Scientific approaches to the structuring of the material and technical base of the hotel are considered. The requirements for the material and technical base for various categories of hotel establishments according to DSTU 4269:2003 were analyzed. Differences in the requirements for the material and technical base for various categories of hotel establishments according to the Standard "EEIG EU for hotels" have been determined. The main problems of the modern state of the material and technical base of the hotel industry in Ukraine were summarized. An analysis of the scientific literature on the available methodical approaches to the analysis of the effectiveness of the management of the material and technical base of the hotel was carried out. It showed the lack of an established methodology for researching the effectiveness of formation and use in the effectiveness of hotel management, the focus of scientists on the diagnosis of certain aspects of the management of the material and technical base: the analysis of strategic aspects of management, the analysis of indicators of the use of fixed assets or current assets, the evaluation of the hotel's operational program, etc. Conclusions: the conducted research made it possible to substantiate the author's method of managing the material and technical base of the hotel establishment, which includes nine stages, and allows for a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of the management of the material and technical base of the hotel establishment from the standpoint of compliance with the requirements of the regulatory framework, the rationality of the management organization, evaluation indicators of the effectiveness of formation and use, analysis of losses of the establishment due to downtime, assessment of guest satisfaction with the material and technical base, which will allow identifying existing shortcomings, link strategic and current management tasks, develop appropriate management solutions to eliminate the identified problems and carry out their economic evaluation.

Сoncerning the need for formation of intellectual property competence of future specialists in local science and tourism work

2023-08-08T07:57:24+00:00

The article emphasizes the need for the formation of intellectual property competence of future specialists in the field of local history and tourism. Innovative thinking, knowledge of intellectual property objects, intellectual property legislation, effective use of intellectual property rights without infringing the rights of other authors, management and commercialization of innovative ideas are of great importance in the tourism business. The article also examines the role of intellectual property as a catalyst for the innovative development of the country and the growth of competition, especially in the perspective of foreign tourists' interest in visiting Ukraine in post-war times. The reasons due to which intellectual property affects the development of tourist work are highlighted. Examples of the use of intellectual property objects in the local history and tourism sector are given and the possibilities of using them to create new tourist products and improve the quality of services in this field, which will be used to obtain additional monetary income from tourist activity, turning it into a stimulus for economic development, are highlighted. social and cultural prosperity of the regions of Ukraine. The authors also emphasize the research of educational institutions, employers and state bodies with requests for the need to develop competence in intellectual property among future specialists in local history and tourism work and emphasize the list of challenges and perspectives related to the educational process in their preparation, which need to be solved. The need to deepen knowledge in the field of intellectual property among teachers of higher education institutions in order to teach students of various specialties, including future specialists in local history and tourism work, needs attention.

Тhe teoretical principles of an innovative development of the territorial tourist systems

2023-08-08T07:58:08+00:00

An article is devoted to an analysis and generalization of the theoretical foundations of the innovative development of territorial tourism systems. It has been noted that innovations are the key factor of changes in the tourism sphere, which allows them to increase the level of tourist’s attraction, increase profits, expand the range of tourist services and promote the tourist product on the international market. The approaches of defining tourism innovation concepts in the scientific literature analyzed have been. It has been concluded that versatile terminological approaches provide the possibility of a deeper understanding of the relevant concepts essence. Common in most definitions of the «innovation in tourism» concept is an idea of introducing new solutions and technologies that contribute to the tourism development. The author’s definition of innovations in tourism define it as ones that have an innovative nature and are intended to improve the quality of tourist services and ensure the tourism industry sustainable development as a whole. Such innovations can be of different types – from new technologies and products to new methods and approaches of managing the tourism industry. The implementation of innovative solutions helps to attract new customers, increase the tourism income industry and ensure its sustainable development. Since innovative activity in tourism is a systemic process, therefore it should be analyzed in the context of territorial, in particular, regional tourism systems. According to the results of practical experience of innovative activity in the tourism sphere, innovative aspects of thedevelopment of territorial tourism systems have been identified and characterized. Innovative development of territorial tourism systems is a process that requires constant improvement and the usage of new ideas and technologies. The use of innovative approaches can help to ensure the stable development of territorial tourism systems and their adaptation to the changing conditions of the tourist market. It has been concluded that innovation is a key factor in the development of territorial, create new tourist products and ensure more effective management of recreational and tourist territories.