Political discourse from the standpoint of the addressee
Keywords:
political discourse, addressee of political discourse, discourse component, multimodal approach
Abstract
This article is an overview of West-European and Asian linguistic discussion of the issue of the addressee as one of the key components of political discourse. It considers the concept of political discourse addressee as well as the issue of speech influence and discourse manipulation since the latter is the most important characteristic of the type of discourse under consideration. To date, actualization of the addressee in political discourse is not sufficiently studied; hence, there is a respective gap in political discourse studies. This conclusion is made upon reviewing modern trends in political discourse research in West-European and Asian linguistics, critical discourse analysis being the major and the most representative of them, with the contribution of political discourse analysis and critical applied linguistics. The overview shows that the linguistic trends listed above have contributed greatly into the study of discourse, in general, and political discourse, in particular. The article also demonstrates the results of the study of political discourse addressee as groups of voters, conducted in papers on communication theory and PR-practices and argues that such approach appears insufficient as it must be augmented by the study of the addressee in terms of cognitive linguistics. This paper concludes that an addressee of political discourse is not in the focus of modern West-European linguistics and thus requires further in-depth analysis, which can be done by applying the communicative-cognitive approach in its multimodal aspect.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abdullah, F. S. (2014). Mass media discourse: a critical analysis research agenda. Social Sciences & Humanities, 22, 1-16. Retrieved from http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/
Balabanova, E., & Ruxandra Trandafoiu, R. (2020). Media, migration and human rights: Discourse and resistance in the context of the erosion of liberal norms. Journal of Language and Politics (Published online: 24 Mar 2020), 1-12. http://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.20007.balssn 1569–2159
Baranov, A. (2017). Vvedeniye v prikladnuyu lingvistiku [Introduction to applied linguistics]. Moscow: Lenand (in Russian).
Bayley, P. (2005). Analysing language and politics. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/855194/Analysing_language_and_politics
Bayley, P. (Ed.) (2004). Cross-Cultural perspectives on parliamentary discourse. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Beard, A. (2020). The Language of Politics. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://people.unica.it/luisannafodde/files/2020/03/the-language-of-politics.pdf
Blackledge, A. (2005). Discourse and power in a multilingual world (discourse approaches to politics, society and culture). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins publishing Company. Retrieved November 28, 2021 from https://books.google.la/books?id=41N0Dm34I1EC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Bondarenko, I. (2020). Tools of explicit propaganda: cognitive underpinnings. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 10, 23-48. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2020.101003
Bossetta, M., Dutceac Segesten, A., & Trenz, H.J. (2017). Political participation on facebook during brexit: does user engagement on media pages stimulate engagement with campaigns? Journal of Language and Politics, 17(2). http://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.17009.dut
Briefing Paper (2020). General Election 2019: results and analysis. Retrieved from https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8749/CBP-8749.pdf
Caldas-Coulthard, C. R., & Coulthard, M. (Eds.) (1996). Texts and practices: readings in critical discourse analysis. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Retrieved from https://www.felsemiotica.com/descargas/Caldas-Coulthard-Carmen-Rosa-and-Coulthard-Malcolm-Eds.-Texts-and-Practices.-Readings-in-Critical-Discourse-Analysis.pdf
Cap, P., & Okulska, U (2013). Analyzing genres in political communication. An Introduction. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/3648323/Analyzing_Genres_in_Political_Communicatіon_Theory_and_Practice
Carta, C. (2013). “The EU in Geneva: The diplomatic representation of a system of governance.” European Journal of Contemporary Research 9(3), 406-423. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289292798_The_EU_in_Geneva_The_Diplomatic_Representation_of_a_System_of_Governance
Carta, C., & Wodak, R. (2015). Discourse analysis, policy analysis, and the borders of EU identity. Journal of Language and Politics 14(1), 1-17. http://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.14.1.01car
Chetvertak, Ye. (2016). Verbalizaciya nacional`noyi identy`chnosti SShA v anglomovnomu polity`chnomu dy`skursi [Verbalization of national identity of the USA in the English-language discourse]. Candidate thesis. Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine (in Ukrainian).
Chilton, P. (1996). Security metaphors: Cold war discourse from containment to common house. New York, USA: Peter Lang. Retrieved from https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/chilton-p-e-metafory-bezopasnosti-diskurs-holodnoy-voyny-ot-sderzhivaniya-k-obschemu-domu-chilton-p-a-security-metaphors-cold-war-discourse
Chilton, P. (2003). Introduction. Journal of Politics and Language, 2(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.2.1.02chi
Chilton, P. (2004). Analysing political discourse: theory and practice. London: Routledge. Retrieved January, 5, 2022, from https://books.google.com.ua/books/about/Analysing_Political_Discourse.html?id=un1buuNipQIC&redir_esc=y
Chilton, P. (2005). Missing links in mainstream CDA: Modules, blends and the critical instinct. In R. Wodak, & P. Chilton (Eds.), A New research agenda in critical discourse analysis: Theory and interdisciplinary (pp. 19-53). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247777477_Missing_Links_in_Mainstream_CDA_Modules_Blends_and_the_Critical_Instinct
Chilton, P. (2008). Political terminology. In: R. Wodak, & V. Koller (Eds.) Handbook of communication in the public sphere. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198980.3.225
Chinni, D. (2021). These nine voter groups show the political divide in America. Retrieved January, 3, 2022, from https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/news/these-nine-voter-groups-show-political-divide-america-n1283866
Choukiaraki, L., & Fairclough, N. (1999). Discourse in late modernity: rethinking critical discourse analysis. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Feng.sagepub.com%2Fcontent%2F29%2F2%2F183
Coffin, C., & O’Halloran, K. (2012). Finding the Global Groove: Theorizing and analysing dynamic reader positioning using Appraisal, corpus, and a concordance. Retrieved January, 3, 2022, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17405900500283607
Cottle, S. (2009). Global crisis reporting. Milton Keynes: Open University Press. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268518701_Global_Crisis_Reporting_Journalism_in_the_Global_Age
Dunmire, P. (2012). Political discourse analysis: exploring the language of politics and the politics of language. Language and Linguistics Compass 6(11), 735-751. https://doi.org/10.1002/lnc3.365
Fairclough, N. L. (1992). Discourse and social change. Cambridge: Polity Press. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/10844622/FAIRCLOUGH_Discourse_and_Social_Change
Fairclough, N. (2000). New labour, new language? London: Routledge. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12491151_New_Labour_New_Language
Fairclough, N. (1998). Political discourse in the media: An analytical framework. In A. Bell & P. Garrett (Eds.), Approaches to media discourse (pp.142-162). London: Blackwell.
Fairclough, N. L., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. In T. A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse Studies. A Multidisciplinary Introduction. Vol. 2. Discourse as Social Interaction (pp. 258-284). London: Sage. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281506450_Critical_Discourse_Analysis
Filardo-Llamas, L., & Boyd, M.S. (2018). Critical discourse analysis and politics. In J. Flowerdew, & J. Richardson (Eds.) Handbook of critical discourse studies. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739342
Glynos, J., Howarth, D., Norval,A., & Speed, E. (2009). Discourse analysis: Varieties and methods. ESRC National Centre for Research Methods Review paper. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279668539
Guzzini, S. (2005). The Concept of power: a constructivist analysis. Millennium – Journal of International Studies, 33(3), 495-521. http://doi.org/10.1177/03058298050330031301
Haig, E. (2009). Media representations of political discourse: A critical discourse study of four reports of Prime Minister's Questions. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/37510329
Hart, Ch. (2007). Critical Discourse analysis and conceptualisation: mental spaces, blended spaces and discourse spaces. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/152270/Critical_Discourse_Analysis_and_Conceptualisation_Mental_Spaces_Blended_Spaces_and_Discourse_Spaces?email_work_card=view-paper
Hart, Ch. (2010). Critical discourse analysis and cognitive science: New perspectives on immigration discourse. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309581217_Critical_discourse_analysis_and_cognitive_science_New_perspectives_on_immigration_discourse
Hart, Ch. (2015). Cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis. In E. Dabrowska, & D. Divjak (Eds.), Handbook of cognitive linguistics (pp. 77-91). London: Routledge. Retrieved from http://wp.lancs.ac.uk/christopherhart/files/2019/07/Cognitive-Linguistic-CDS-Flowerdew-Richardson.pdf
Ilie, C. (2018). Pragmatics vs rhetoric: political discourse at the pragmatics-rhetoric interface. In C. Ilie, & N. R. Norrick (Eds.), Pragmatics and its interfaces (pp. 85-119). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.294.05ili
Issers, O. (2008). Kommunikativnye strategi i taktiki russkoj rechi [Communicative strategies and tactics of the Russian speech]. Moscow: LKI Publishers (in Russian).
Jenks, C. (2021) Mock news: On the discourse of mocking in U.S. televised political discussions. Discourse & Communication, 5. https://doi.org/10.1177/17504813211043719
Karlsson, M., & Åström, J. (2017). Social media and political communication.
Innovation and normalisation in parallel. Journal of Language and Politics (Published online: 30 Nov 2017), 17(2), 305-323. http://doi 10.1075/jlp.17006.kar.
Kazemian, B., & Hashemi, S. (2017). A radical shift to a profound and rigorous investigation in political discourse: an integrated approach. International Journal of English Linguistics, 7(3), 115-128. http://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v7n3p115
Koller, V. (2004). Metaphor and gender in business media discourse: A critical cognitive study. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230511286
Kranert, M. (2018). Political myth as a legitimation strategy. The case of the golden age myth in the discourses of the Third Way. Journal of Language and Politics, 17(6), 882-902. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.17059.kra
Kuznyetsova, G. (2021). Polity`chny`j dy`skurs u shidnoyevropejs`komu movoznavstvi: aspekt adresata [Political discourse in East-European linguistics: the addressee aspect]. Visny`k Zhy`tomy`rs`kogo derzhavnogo universy`tetu imeni Ivana Franka, 1(94), 68-78 (in Ukrainian).
Lin, A. (2014). Critical discourse analysis in applied linguistics: a methodological review. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 34, 213-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0267190514000087.
Maalej, Z. (2007). Doing critical discourse analysis with the contemporary theory of metaphor: Toward a discourse model of metaphor. In C. Hart, & D. Lukeš (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics in critical discourse analysis: Application and theory (pp. 132-158). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Press.
Machin, D., & van Leeuwen, T. (2016). Multimodality, politics and ideology. Journal of Language and Politics, 15(3), 243-258. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.15.3.01mac
McKenna, B. (2008). Critical discourse studies: where to from here? Critical Discourse Studies. 1(1), 9-39. London: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405900410001674498
Musolff, A. (2011). Metaphor in political dialogue. Language and Dialogue, 1(2), 191-206. https://doi.org/10.1075/ld.1.2.02mus
Musolff, A. (2017). Metaphor and persuasion in politics. In E. Semino, & Z. Demjén (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Metaphor and Language (pp. 309-322). London, England: Routledge. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/30634964/METAPHOR_AND_PERSUASION_IN_POLITICS?email_work_card=view-paper
Musolff, A. (2019). Metaphor framing in political discourse. Mythos Magazine: Politisches Framing, 1, 1-10. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/38266012/Metaphor_Framing_in_Political_Discourse
O’Halloran, K. (2003). Critical discourse analysis and language cognition. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press. Retrieved from https://www.perlego.com/book/1708461/critical-discourse-analysis-and-language-cognition-pdf
Partington, A. (2002). The linguistics of political argument: the spin-doctor and the wolf-pack at the White House. London: Routledge.
Pennycook, A. (2010). Language as a local practice. London: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203846223
Reisigl, M. (2008). Rhetoric of political speeches. In R. Wodak, & V. Koller (Eds.), Handbook of Communication in the Public Sphere (pp.243-270). Berlin, New York: Mouton De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198980.3.243
Santa Ana, O. (2002). Brown tide rising: Metaphors of Latinos in contemporary American public discourse. Austin, USA: University of Texas Press.
Schroder, K., & Phillips, L. (2012). Mediatised politics: political discourses and the media in contemporary Danish democracy. Retrieved from https://www.nordicom.gu.se/sites/default/files/kapitel-pdf/12_059_070.pdf
Schroter, M. (2014). Addressee orientation in political speeches: Tracing the dialogical ‘other’ in argumentative monologue. Journal of Language and Politics, 13(2), 289-312. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.2
Shevchenko, I., Alexandrova, D., & Gutorov, V. (2021). Impoliteness in parliamentary discourse: a cognitive-pragmatic and sociocultural approach. Cognition, сommunication, discourse, 22, 77-94. http://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2926-2021-22-05
Shkitska, I. (2012). Manipulyaty`vna strategiya pozy`ty`vu v ukrayins`kij movi [Manipulative strategy of positive energy in Ukrainian]. Doctorate thesis. Ternopil, Ukraine, (in Ukrainian). Retrieved from http://www.library.tnpu.edu.ua/index.php/presents/2013/86-individuals13/968-shkitska
Stopfner, M. (2021). Just thank God for Donald Trump – Dialogue practices of populists and their supporters before and after taking office. Journal of Pragmatics, 186, 308-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2021.10.002
Street, J. (2019). Mass media, politics & democracy. 2nd edition. London: Springer Nature Ltd.
Van Dijk, T. (1995). Discourse analysis as ideology analysis. In Ch. Schäffner, & A. Wenden (Eds.), Language and peace (pp.17-36). Amsterdam: Harwood Academic. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://hdl.handle.net/11245/1.117852
Van Dijk, T.A. (1988). News as Discourse. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203062784
Van Dijk, T. (2002). Political discourse and political cognition. In P. Chilton, & A. Schäffner (Eds.), Politics as text and talk: Analytic approaches to political discourse (pp. 203-237). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.4
Van Dijk, T.A. (2003). Critical discourse analysis. In D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin, & H. Hamilton (Eds.), Handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 352-371). Oxford: Blackwell.
Van Dijk, T.A. (2005). Racism and discourse in Spain and Latin America. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.14
Van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Towards a semiotics of typography. Information Design Journal, 14(2), 139-155. https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.14.2.06lee
Veretenkina, L. (2004). Yazykovoe vyrazhenie mezhlichnostnyh manipulyacij v dramaturgii A. N. Ostrovskogo [Linguistic expression of interpersonal manipulations in the dramaturgy of A. N. Ostrovsky]. Candidate thesis. Penza, Russia (in Russian). Retrieved from: https://www.dissercat.com/content/yazykovoe-vyrazhenie-mezhlichnostnykh-man
Voter Turnout Demographics (2020). United States Elections Project. Retrieved January 5, 2022, from http://www.electproject.org/home/voter-turnout/demographics
Wieczorek, A.E. (2013). Clusivity: A new approach to association and dissociation in political discourse. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/3160940/_2013_Clusivity_A_New_Approach_to_Association_and_Dissociation_in_Political_Discourse_Newcastle_upon_Tyne_Cambridge_Scholars_Publishing
Wodak, R., & van Dijk, T. A. (2000). Racism at the top: parliamentary discourses on ethnic issues in six European states. Klagenfurt, Austria: Drava. https://doi/10.4324/9780203492741.ch25
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2001). Methods of critical discourse analysis. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9780857028020
Wodak, R. (2009). The discourse of politics in action: politics as usual language policy 2009. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263561029_Ruth_Wodak_The_Discourse_of_Politics_in_Action_Politics_as_Usual
Wodak, R. (2013). (Ed.) Critical discourse analysis. In IV volumes. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC: SAGE.
Wodak, R. (2016). “we have the character of an island nation”. a discourse-historical analysis of david cameron’s “bloomberg speech” on the european union. EUI Working Paper.
Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305709545_We_have_the_character_of_an_island_nation_A_discoursehistorical_analysis_of_David_Cameron's_Bloomberg_Speech_on_the_European_Union
Zappettini, F. (2020). Critical discourse analysis: concepts, methods and applications. Presentation given at the intensive week methods training for postgraduate students. Open University, 13th-17th July 2020. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/5137901/Critical_Discourse_Analysis_Concepts_Methods_Applications
Zirka, V. (2004). Manipuljativnye igry v reklame: lingvisticheskij aspekt: monografija [Manipulative games in advertising: linguistic aspect: Monograph. Dnipro: National University of Dnipro (in Russian).
Balabanova, E., & Ruxandra Trandafoiu, R. (2020). Media, migration and human rights: Discourse and resistance in the context of the erosion of liberal norms. Journal of Language and Politics (Published online: 24 Mar 2020), 1-12. http://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.20007.balssn 1569–2159
Baranov, A. (2017). Vvedeniye v prikladnuyu lingvistiku [Introduction to applied linguistics]. Moscow: Lenand (in Russian).
Bayley, P. (2005). Analysing language and politics. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/855194/Analysing_language_and_politics
Bayley, P. (Ed.) (2004). Cross-Cultural perspectives on parliamentary discourse. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Beard, A. (2020). The Language of Politics. Retrieved November 25, 2021, from https://people.unica.it/luisannafodde/files/2020/03/the-language-of-politics.pdf
Blackledge, A. (2005). Discourse and power in a multilingual world (discourse approaches to politics, society and culture). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins publishing Company. Retrieved November 28, 2021 from https://books.google.la/books?id=41N0Dm34I1EC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Bondarenko, I. (2020). Tools of explicit propaganda: cognitive underpinnings. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 10, 23-48. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2020.101003
Bossetta, M., Dutceac Segesten, A., & Trenz, H.J. (2017). Political participation on facebook during brexit: does user engagement on media pages stimulate engagement with campaigns? Journal of Language and Politics, 17(2). http://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.17009.dut
Briefing Paper (2020). General Election 2019: results and analysis. Retrieved from https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8749/CBP-8749.pdf
Caldas-Coulthard, C. R., & Coulthard, M. (Eds.) (1996). Texts and practices: readings in critical discourse analysis. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Retrieved from https://www.felsemiotica.com/descargas/Caldas-Coulthard-Carmen-Rosa-and-Coulthard-Malcolm-Eds.-Texts-and-Practices.-Readings-in-Critical-Discourse-Analysis.pdf
Cap, P., & Okulska, U (2013). Analyzing genres in political communication. An Introduction. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/3648323/Analyzing_Genres_in_Political_Communicatіon_Theory_and_Practice
Carta, C. (2013). “The EU in Geneva: The diplomatic representation of a system of governance.” European Journal of Contemporary Research 9(3), 406-423. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289292798_The_EU_in_Geneva_The_Diplomatic_Representation_of_a_System_of_Governance
Carta, C., & Wodak, R. (2015). Discourse analysis, policy analysis, and the borders of EU identity. Journal of Language and Politics 14(1), 1-17. http://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.14.1.01car
Chetvertak, Ye. (2016). Verbalizaciya nacional`noyi identy`chnosti SShA v anglomovnomu polity`chnomu dy`skursi [Verbalization of national identity of the USA in the English-language discourse]. Candidate thesis. Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine (in Ukrainian).
Chilton, P. (1996). Security metaphors: Cold war discourse from containment to common house. New York, USA: Peter Lang. Retrieved from https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/chilton-p-e-metafory-bezopasnosti-diskurs-holodnoy-voyny-ot-sderzhivaniya-k-obschemu-domu-chilton-p-a-security-metaphors-cold-war-discourse
Chilton, P. (2003). Introduction. Journal of Politics and Language, 2(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.2.1.02chi
Chilton, P. (2004). Analysing political discourse: theory and practice. London: Routledge. Retrieved January, 5, 2022, from https://books.google.com.ua/books/about/Analysing_Political_Discourse.html?id=un1buuNipQIC&redir_esc=y
Chilton, P. (2005). Missing links in mainstream CDA: Modules, blends and the critical instinct. In R. Wodak, & P. Chilton (Eds.), A New research agenda in critical discourse analysis: Theory and interdisciplinary (pp. 19-53). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247777477_Missing_Links_in_Mainstream_CDA_Modules_Blends_and_the_Critical_Instinct
Chilton, P. (2008). Political terminology. In: R. Wodak, & V. Koller (Eds.) Handbook of communication in the public sphere. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198980.3.225
Chinni, D. (2021). These nine voter groups show the political divide in America. Retrieved January, 3, 2022, from https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/news/these-nine-voter-groups-show-political-divide-america-n1283866
Choukiaraki, L., & Fairclough, N. (1999). Discourse in late modernity: rethinking critical discourse analysis. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Feng.sagepub.com%2Fcontent%2F29%2F2%2F183
Coffin, C., & O’Halloran, K. (2012). Finding the Global Groove: Theorizing and analysing dynamic reader positioning using Appraisal, corpus, and a concordance. Retrieved January, 3, 2022, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17405900500283607
Cottle, S. (2009). Global crisis reporting. Milton Keynes: Open University Press. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268518701_Global_Crisis_Reporting_Journalism_in_the_Global_Age
Dunmire, P. (2012). Political discourse analysis: exploring the language of politics and the politics of language. Language and Linguistics Compass 6(11), 735-751. https://doi.org/10.1002/lnc3.365
Fairclough, N. L. (1992). Discourse and social change. Cambridge: Polity Press. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/10844622/FAIRCLOUGH_Discourse_and_Social_Change
Fairclough, N. (2000). New labour, new language? London: Routledge. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12491151_New_Labour_New_Language
Fairclough, N. (1998). Political discourse in the media: An analytical framework. In A. Bell & P. Garrett (Eds.), Approaches to media discourse (pp.142-162). London: Blackwell.
Fairclough, N. L., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. In T. A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse Studies. A Multidisciplinary Introduction. Vol. 2. Discourse as Social Interaction (pp. 258-284). London: Sage. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281506450_Critical_Discourse_Analysis
Filardo-Llamas, L., & Boyd, M.S. (2018). Critical discourse analysis and politics. In J. Flowerdew, & J. Richardson (Eds.) Handbook of critical discourse studies. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739342
Glynos, J., Howarth, D., Norval,A., & Speed, E. (2009). Discourse analysis: Varieties and methods. ESRC National Centre for Research Methods Review paper. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279668539
Guzzini, S. (2005). The Concept of power: a constructivist analysis. Millennium – Journal of International Studies, 33(3), 495-521. http://doi.org/10.1177/03058298050330031301
Haig, E. (2009). Media representations of political discourse: A critical discourse study of four reports of Prime Minister's Questions. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/37510329
Hart, Ch. (2007). Critical Discourse analysis and conceptualisation: mental spaces, blended spaces and discourse spaces. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/152270/Critical_Discourse_Analysis_and_Conceptualisation_Mental_Spaces_Blended_Spaces_and_Discourse_Spaces?email_work_card=view-paper
Hart, Ch. (2010). Critical discourse analysis and cognitive science: New perspectives on immigration discourse. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309581217_Critical_discourse_analysis_and_cognitive_science_New_perspectives_on_immigration_discourse
Hart, Ch. (2015). Cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis. In E. Dabrowska, & D. Divjak (Eds.), Handbook of cognitive linguistics (pp. 77-91). London: Routledge. Retrieved from http://wp.lancs.ac.uk/christopherhart/files/2019/07/Cognitive-Linguistic-CDS-Flowerdew-Richardson.pdf
Ilie, C. (2018). Pragmatics vs rhetoric: political discourse at the pragmatics-rhetoric interface. In C. Ilie, & N. R. Norrick (Eds.), Pragmatics and its interfaces (pp. 85-119). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.294.05ili
Issers, O. (2008). Kommunikativnye strategi i taktiki russkoj rechi [Communicative strategies and tactics of the Russian speech]. Moscow: LKI Publishers (in Russian).
Jenks, C. (2021) Mock news: On the discourse of mocking in U.S. televised political discussions. Discourse & Communication, 5. https://doi.org/10.1177/17504813211043719
Karlsson, M., & Åström, J. (2017). Social media and political communication.
Innovation and normalisation in parallel. Journal of Language and Politics (Published online: 30 Nov 2017), 17(2), 305-323. http://doi 10.1075/jlp.17006.kar.
Kazemian, B., & Hashemi, S. (2017). A radical shift to a profound and rigorous investigation in political discourse: an integrated approach. International Journal of English Linguistics, 7(3), 115-128. http://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v7n3p115
Koller, V. (2004). Metaphor and gender in business media discourse: A critical cognitive study. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230511286
Kranert, M. (2018). Political myth as a legitimation strategy. The case of the golden age myth in the discourses of the Third Way. Journal of Language and Politics, 17(6), 882-902. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.17059.kra
Kuznyetsova, G. (2021). Polity`chny`j dy`skurs u shidnoyevropejs`komu movoznavstvi: aspekt adresata [Political discourse in East-European linguistics: the addressee aspect]. Visny`k Zhy`tomy`rs`kogo derzhavnogo universy`tetu imeni Ivana Franka, 1(94), 68-78 (in Ukrainian).
Lin, A. (2014). Critical discourse analysis in applied linguistics: a methodological review. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 34, 213-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0267190514000087.
Maalej, Z. (2007). Doing critical discourse analysis with the contemporary theory of metaphor: Toward a discourse model of metaphor. In C. Hart, & D. Lukeš (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics in critical discourse analysis: Application and theory (pp. 132-158). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Press.
Machin, D., & van Leeuwen, T. (2016). Multimodality, politics and ideology. Journal of Language and Politics, 15(3), 243-258. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.15.3.01mac
McKenna, B. (2008). Critical discourse studies: where to from here? Critical Discourse Studies. 1(1), 9-39. London: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405900410001674498
Musolff, A. (2011). Metaphor in political dialogue. Language and Dialogue, 1(2), 191-206. https://doi.org/10.1075/ld.1.2.02mus
Musolff, A. (2017). Metaphor and persuasion in politics. In E. Semino, & Z. Demjén (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Metaphor and Language (pp. 309-322). London, England: Routledge. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/30634964/METAPHOR_AND_PERSUASION_IN_POLITICS?email_work_card=view-paper
Musolff, A. (2019). Metaphor framing in political discourse. Mythos Magazine: Politisches Framing, 1, 1-10. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/38266012/Metaphor_Framing_in_Political_Discourse
O’Halloran, K. (2003). Critical discourse analysis and language cognition. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press. Retrieved from https://www.perlego.com/book/1708461/critical-discourse-analysis-and-language-cognition-pdf
Partington, A. (2002). The linguistics of political argument: the spin-doctor and the wolf-pack at the White House. London: Routledge.
Pennycook, A. (2010). Language as a local practice. London: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203846223
Reisigl, M. (2008). Rhetoric of political speeches. In R. Wodak, & V. Koller (Eds.), Handbook of Communication in the Public Sphere (pp.243-270). Berlin, New York: Mouton De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198980.3.243
Santa Ana, O. (2002). Brown tide rising: Metaphors of Latinos in contemporary American public discourse. Austin, USA: University of Texas Press.
Schroder, K., & Phillips, L. (2012). Mediatised politics: political discourses and the media in contemporary Danish democracy. Retrieved from https://www.nordicom.gu.se/sites/default/files/kapitel-pdf/12_059_070.pdf
Schroter, M. (2014). Addressee orientation in political speeches: Tracing the dialogical ‘other’ in argumentative monologue. Journal of Language and Politics, 13(2), 289-312. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.2
Shevchenko, I., Alexandrova, D., & Gutorov, V. (2021). Impoliteness in parliamentary discourse: a cognitive-pragmatic and sociocultural approach. Cognition, сommunication, discourse, 22, 77-94. http://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2926-2021-22-05
Shkitska, I. (2012). Manipulyaty`vna strategiya pozy`ty`vu v ukrayins`kij movi [Manipulative strategy of positive energy in Ukrainian]. Doctorate thesis. Ternopil, Ukraine, (in Ukrainian). Retrieved from http://www.library.tnpu.edu.ua/index.php/presents/2013/86-individuals13/968-shkitska
Stopfner, M. (2021). Just thank God for Donald Trump – Dialogue practices of populists and their supporters before and after taking office. Journal of Pragmatics, 186, 308-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2021.10.002
Street, J. (2019). Mass media, politics & democracy. 2nd edition. London: Springer Nature Ltd.
Van Dijk, T. (1995). Discourse analysis as ideology analysis. In Ch. Schäffner, & A. Wenden (Eds.), Language and peace (pp.17-36). Amsterdam: Harwood Academic. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://hdl.handle.net/11245/1.117852
Van Dijk, T.A. (1988). News as Discourse. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203062784
Van Dijk, T. (2002). Political discourse and political cognition. In P. Chilton, & A. Schäffner (Eds.), Politics as text and talk: Analytic approaches to political discourse (pp. 203-237). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.4
Van Dijk, T.A. (2003). Critical discourse analysis. In D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin, & H. Hamilton (Eds.), Handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 352-371). Oxford: Blackwell.
Van Dijk, T.A. (2005). Racism and discourse in Spain and Latin America. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.14
Van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Towards a semiotics of typography. Information Design Journal, 14(2), 139-155. https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.14.2.06lee
Veretenkina, L. (2004). Yazykovoe vyrazhenie mezhlichnostnyh manipulyacij v dramaturgii A. N. Ostrovskogo [Linguistic expression of interpersonal manipulations in the dramaturgy of A. N. Ostrovsky]. Candidate thesis. Penza, Russia (in Russian). Retrieved from: https://www.dissercat.com/content/yazykovoe-vyrazhenie-mezhlichnostnykh-man
Voter Turnout Demographics (2020). United States Elections Project. Retrieved January 5, 2022, from http://www.electproject.org/home/voter-turnout/demographics
Wieczorek, A.E. (2013). Clusivity: A new approach to association and dissociation in political discourse. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/3160940/_2013_Clusivity_A_New_Approach_to_Association_and_Dissociation_in_Political_Discourse_Newcastle_upon_Tyne_Cambridge_Scholars_Publishing
Wodak, R., & van Dijk, T. A. (2000). Racism at the top: parliamentary discourses on ethnic issues in six European states. Klagenfurt, Austria: Drava. https://doi/10.4324/9780203492741.ch25
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2001). Methods of critical discourse analysis. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9780857028020
Wodak, R. (2009). The discourse of politics in action: politics as usual language policy 2009. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263561029_Ruth_Wodak_The_Discourse_of_Politics_in_Action_Politics_as_Usual
Wodak, R. (2013). (Ed.) Critical discourse analysis. In IV volumes. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC: SAGE.
Wodak, R. (2016). “we have the character of an island nation”. a discourse-historical analysis of david cameron’s “bloomberg speech” on the european union. EUI Working Paper.
Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305709545_We_have_the_character_of_an_island_nation_A_discoursehistorical_analysis_of_David_Cameron's_Bloomberg_Speech_on_the_European_Union
Zappettini, F. (2020). Critical discourse analysis: concepts, methods and applications. Presentation given at the intensive week methods training for postgraduate students. Open University, 13th-17th July 2020. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/5137901/Critical_Discourse_Analysis_Concepts_Methods_Applications
Zirka, V. (2004). Manipuljativnye igry v reklame: lingvisticheskij aspekt: monografija [Manipulative games in advertising: linguistic aspect: Monograph. Dnipro: National University of Dnipro (in Russian).
Published
2021-12-31
How to Cite
Kuznyetsova, G. (2021). Political discourse from the standpoint of the addressee. Cognition, Communication, Discourse, (23), 118-129. https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2926-2021-23-08
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2021 Ganna Kuznyetsova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors, who publish with this journal, accept the following conditions:
The authors reserve the copyright of their work and transfer to the magazine the right of the first publication of this work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Non-Derivs License (CC BY-NC-ND), which allows other persons to freely distribute a published work with mandatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
Authors have the right to enter into separate additional agreements for the non-exclusive dissemination of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal (for example, to post the work in the electronic institutions' repository or to publish as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is given.
The journal policy allows and encourages the authors to place the manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in the institutions' repositories or on personal websites), both before the presentation of this manuscript to the editorial board and during review procedure, as it contributes to the creation of productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of citing the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
