Authorship criteria:

All individuals listed as authors must have made a substantial contribution to the work: (1) a significant contribution to the conception, design, data collection, analysis or interpretation; (2) drafting or critical revision of the manuscript; (3) final approval of the version to be published; and (4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Use of artificial intelligence:

Authors must not list artificial intelligence technologies (such as large language models, chatbots or image generators) as authors or co-authors, as AI is not a subject of scholarly activity and cannot bear responsibility for research outcomes.

AI tools used in research or in the preparation of a manuscript must be transparently disclosed in the covering letter and in the “Acknowledgements” and “Methods” sections, specifying the purpose of use, the tool employed, and the extent of the content generated.

Authors bear full responsibility for the accuracy, originality and reliability of the submitted work, including any content created or processed with the assistance of AI. Authors must be aware of the risks of AI “hallucinations”, bias and data obsolescence; verification of facts and references is mandatory.

Undisclosed use of AI (submission of work wholly or partly generated by AI without appropriate disclosure) is classified as a breach of academic integrity. The final decision regarding the integrity of detected AI use is taken by the editorial board of the Collection.

The editorial office may reject a manuscript on grounds of inappropriate or undisclosed use of AI. Reviewers must refrain from using AI in the review process in order to maintain the confidentiality of manuscripts.

AI-generated images and other multimedia are not permitted for publication without the permission of the editorial office. Exceptions may be considered for content directly related to AI or digital governance research.

This policy has been developed in accordance with the COPE Position Statement on Authorship and AI Tools and the Policy of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University on the Use of Artificial Intelligence (Resolution of the Academic Council of 26.01.2026, Protocol No. 2).