Повільні сигнали обличчя та їх психодіагностичне значення
Ключові слова:
вирази обличчя, повільні сигнали обличчя, емоційні риси, тривожність, депресія, агресивність, щастя
Анотація
Визначення наукової основи психодіагностики через постійні вирази обличчя є проблемою, якій присвячено це дослідження. Метою дослідження є аналіз зв’язків між повільними сигналами обличчя (ПСО) та емоційними рисами особистості з урахуванням віку та статі у вибірці східних українців (201 учасник). Щоб виявити ПСО були зняті фотографії нейтральних облич учасників. Рівень рис оцінювався за допомогою Опитувальника тривожності Спілбергера, шкали тривожності Тейлор, тесту ворожості Басса-Дарки, опитувальника соціальної фрустрації Вассермана, шкали нейротизму Вассермана, особистісного диференціалу, проективних тестів «Намалюй людину» та «Намалюй людину під дощем». Для виявлення значень ПСО з фотографій була застосована Система кодування обличчя (Ekman, Friesen, & Hager). Було виявлено, що більша частина виявлених ПСО відноситься до гніву (12) та суму (11). Найменша кількість виявлених ПСО належить до огиди /
презирства (5), страху (4) та щастя (4). З віком на обличчі людей зростає кількість ПСО, що передають сум (найвищий ступінь), гнів (трохи менше), страх (менше) і щастя (найрідше). Відсутні суттєві відмінності у прояві ПСО між чоловіками та жінками. Виявлено значні кореляції відповідних ПСО з тестовими показниками тривожності, депресії та агресивності (у її аспектах почуття провини та образи).
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Посилання
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Barabanschikov, V. A., & Nosulenko, V. N. (2004). Sistemnost’. Vospriyatie. Obschenie [Systems. Perception. Communication]. Moscow: IP RAN.
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Carré, J. M., & McCormick, C. M. (2008). In your face: Facial metrics predict aggressive behaviour in the laboratory and in varsity and professional hockey players. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B, 275, 2651-2656.
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Davidson, R. J., & Begley, S. (2012). The emotional life of your brain. New York: Hudson Street Press.
Di Domenico, S. I., Matthew N. Quitasol, M. N., & Fournier, M. A. (2015). Ratings of Conscientiousness from Physical Appearance Predict Undergraduate Academic Performance. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. DOI: 10.1007/s10919-015-0213-9
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Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (2003). Unmasking the face: A guide to recognizing emotions from facial clues. Cambridge, MA: Malor Books.
Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Hager, J. C. (2002a). Facial action coding system. Salt Lake City, UT: Research Nexus division of Network Information Research Corporation.
Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Hager, J. C. (2002b). Facial action coding system investigator’s guide. Salt Lake City, UT: Research Nexus division of Network Information Research Corporation.
Ellgring, H. (1989). Facial expression as a behavioral indicator of emotional states. Pharmacopsychiatry, 22 (Suppl 1), 23-28.
Goetz, S. M. M., Shattuck, K. S., Miller, R. M., Campbell, J. A., Lozoya, E., Weisfeld, G. E., & Carré, J. M. (2013). Social status moderates the relationship between facial structure and aggression. Psychological Science, 24(11), 2329-2334.
Harrigan, J., Wilson, K, & Rosenthal, R. (2004). Detecting State and Trait Anxiety from Auditory and Visual Cues: A Meta-Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(1), 56-66.
Hehman, E., Flake, J. K., & Freeman, J. B. (2015). Static and dynamic facial cues differentially affect the consistency of social evaluations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41(8), 1123-1134.
Horstmann, G. (2002). Facial expressions of emotion: Does the prototypes represent central tendency, frequency of instantiation, or an ideal? Emotion, 2(3), 297-305.
Sile Hu, S., Xiong, J., Fu, P., Qiao, L., Tan, J., Jin, L., & Tang, K. (2017). Signatures of personality on dense 3D facial images. Scientifi Reports, 7: 73. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-00071-5
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Izard, C. E., Hembree, E. A., & Huebner, R. R. (1987). Infants’ emotion expressions to acute pain: Developmental change and stability of individual differences. Developmental Psychology, 23, 105-113.
Jones, A. L., Kramer, R. S. S., & Ward, R. (2012). Signals of Personality and Health: The Contributions of Facial Shape, Skin Texture, and Viewing Angle. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38(6), 1353-1361.
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Kramer, R. S. S., King, J. E., & Ward, R. (2011). Identifying personality from the static, nonexpressive face in humans and chimpanzees: evidence of a shared system for signaling personality. Evolution and Human Behavior, 32, 179–185.
Kupriyanov, V. V., & Stovichek, G. V. (1988). Litso cheloveka: Anatomiya, mimika [Human face: Anatomy, facial expression]. Moscow: Medicine.
Lange, F. (1952). Die Sprache des menschlichen Antlitzes: eine wissenschaftliche Physiognomik und ihre praktische Verwertung im Leben und in der Kunst. Müchen: J. F. Lehmanns Verlag.
Levenson, R. W. (1992). Autonomic nervous system differences among emotions. Psychological Science, 3(1), 23-27.
Little, A. C., Jones, B. C., DeBruine, L. M., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2013). Accuracy in discrimination of self-reported cooperators using static facial information. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 507–512.
Malatesta, C. Z., Fiore, M. J., & Messina, J. J. (1987). Affect, personality, and facial expressive characteristics of older people. Psychology and Aging, 2, 64-69.
Mufson, M. J. (2008). Coping with anxiety and phobias. Harvard Health Publications.
Olivola, C. Y., & Todorov, A. (2010). Fooled by fist impressions? Reexamining the diagnostic value of appearance-based inferences. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(2), 315-324.
Oosterhof, N. N., & Todorov, A. (2008). The functional basis of face evaluation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 11087–11092.
Parrott W. G. (2011). Emotions in social psychology: Essential readings. Philadelphia: Psychology Press / Taylor & Francis.
Penton-Voak, I. S., Pound, N., Little, A. C., & Perrett, D. I. (2006). Personality judgments from natural and composite facial images: More evidence for a “kernel of truth” in social perception. Social Cognition, 24(5), 607–640.
Reisenzein, R., Meyer, W.-U. & Schutzwohl, A. (2003). Einfürung in die Emotionspsychologie, Band III: Kognitive Emotionstheorien. Bern: Huber.
Romanov, K., Varjonen, J., Kaprio, J., & Koskenvuo, M. (2003). Life events and depressiveness – the effect of adjustment for psychosocial factors, somatic health and genetic liability. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 107(1), 25-33.
Said, C. P., Haxby, J. V., & Todorov, A. (2011). Brain systems for assessing the affective value of faces. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences, 366(1571), 1660-1670.
Scott, N. J., Kramer, R. S. S., Jones, A. L., & Ward, R. (2013). Facial cues to depressive symptoms and
their associated personality attributions. Psychiatry Research, 208, 47–53.
Stirrat, M., & Perrett, D. I. (2010). Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust: Male facial width and trustworthiness. Psychological Science, 21(3), 349-354.
Wong, E. M., Ormiston, M. E., & Haselhuhn, M. P. (2011). A face only an investor could love: CEOs’ facial structure predicts their fims’ fiancial performance. Psychological Science, 22(12), 1478-1483.
Wu, Z., & Fang, Y. (2014). Comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders: challenges in diagnosis and assessment. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 26 (4), 227-231.
Zajonc, R. B. (1985). Emotion and facial efference: A theory reclaimed. Science, 228, 15–21.
Zebrowitz, L. A. (2017). First Impressions From Faces. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(3) 237–242.
Barabanschikov, V. A., & Nosulenko, V. N. (2004). Sistemnost’. Vospriyatie. Obschenie [Systems. Perception. Communication]. Moscow: IP RAN.
Berkowitz, L. (1983). Aversively stimulated aggression: Some parallels and differences in research with animals and humans. American Psychologist, 38, 1135-1144.
Borkenau, Brecke, Moettig C. (2009). Extraversion is accurately perceived after a 50-ms exposure to a face. Journal of research in personality, 43(4), 703-706.
Campbell, A. (2002). A mind of her own: The evolutionary psychology of women. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Carré, J. M., & McCormick, C. M. (2008). In your face: Facial metrics predict aggressive behaviour in the laboratory and in varsity and professional hockey players. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B, 275, 2651-2656.
Cattell, R. B., & Scheier, I. H. (1961). The meaning and measurement of neuroticism and anxiety. New York: Ronald Press.
Crivelli, C., Carrera, P., & Fernández-Dols, J. M. (2015). Are smiles a sign of happiness? Spontaneous expressions of judo winners. Evolution and Human Behavior, 36, 52-58.
Daros, A. R., Ruocco, A. C., & Rule, N. O. (2016). Identifying Mental Disorder from the Faces of Women with Borderline Personality Disorder. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 40, 255-281.
Davidson, R. J., & Begley, S. (2012). The emotional life of your brain. New York: Hudson Street Press.
Di Domenico, S. I., Matthew N. Quitasol, M. N., & Fournier, M. A. (2015). Ratings of Conscientiousness from Physical Appearance Predict Undergraduate Academic Performance. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. DOI: 10.1007/s10919-015-0213-9
Dill, J. C., & Anderson, C. A. (1995). Effects of frustration justifiation on hostile aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 21(5), 359-369.
Ekman, P. (1978). Facial signs: Facts, fantasies, and possibilities. In T. Sebeok (Ed.), Sight, sound and sense (pp. 124-156). Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press.
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (2003). Unmasking the face: A guide to recognizing emotions from facial clues. Cambridge, MA: Malor Books.
Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Hager, J. C. (2002a). Facial action coding system. Salt Lake City, UT: Research Nexus division of Network Information Research Corporation.
Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Hager, J. C. (2002b). Facial action coding system investigator’s guide. Salt Lake City, UT: Research Nexus division of Network Information Research Corporation.
Ellgring, H. (1989). Facial expression as a behavioral indicator of emotional states. Pharmacopsychiatry, 22 (Suppl 1), 23-28.
Goetz, S. M. M., Shattuck, K. S., Miller, R. M., Campbell, J. A., Lozoya, E., Weisfeld, G. E., & Carré, J. M. (2013). Social status moderates the relationship between facial structure and aggression. Psychological Science, 24(11), 2329-2334.
Harrigan, J., Wilson, K, & Rosenthal, R. (2004). Detecting State and Trait Anxiety from Auditory and Visual Cues: A Meta-Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(1), 56-66.
Hehman, E., Flake, J. K., & Freeman, J. B. (2015). Static and dynamic facial cues differentially affect the consistency of social evaluations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41(8), 1123-1134.
Horstmann, G. (2002). Facial expressions of emotion: Does the prototypes represent central tendency, frequency of instantiation, or an ideal? Emotion, 2(3), 297-305.
Sile Hu, S., Xiong, J., Fu, P., Qiao, L., Tan, J., Jin, L., & Tang, K. (2017). Signatures of personality on dense 3D facial images. Scientifi Reports, 7: 73. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-00071-5
Izard, C. E. (1991). The psychology of emotions. New York: Plenum Press.
Izard, C. E., Hembree, E. A., & Huebner, R. R. (1987). Infants’ emotion expressions to acute pain: Developmental change and stability of individual differences. Developmental Psychology, 23, 105-113.
Jones, A. L., Kramer, R. S. S., & Ward, R. (2012). Signals of Personality and Health: The Contributions of Facial Shape, Skin Texture, and Viewing Angle. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38(6), 1353-1361.
Kaiser, S., & Wehrle, T. (2001). Facial expressions as indicators of appraisal processes. In K. R. Scherer, A. Schorr, & T. Johnstone (Eds.), Appraisal processes in emotions: Theory, methods, research (pp. 285-300). New York: Oxford University Press.
Kramer, R. S. S., King, J. E., & Ward, R. (2011). Identifying personality from the static, nonexpressive face in humans and chimpanzees: evidence of a shared system for signaling personality. Evolution and Human Behavior, 32, 179–185.
Kupriyanov, V. V., & Stovichek, G. V. (1988). Litso cheloveka: Anatomiya, mimika [Human face: Anatomy, facial expression]. Moscow: Medicine.
Lange, F. (1952). Die Sprache des menschlichen Antlitzes: eine wissenschaftliche Physiognomik und ihre praktische Verwertung im Leben und in der Kunst. Müchen: J. F. Lehmanns Verlag.
Levenson, R. W. (1992). Autonomic nervous system differences among emotions. Psychological Science, 3(1), 23-27.
Little, A. C., Jones, B. C., DeBruine, L. M., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2013). Accuracy in discrimination of self-reported cooperators using static facial information. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 507–512.
Malatesta, C. Z., Fiore, M. J., & Messina, J. J. (1987). Affect, personality, and facial expressive characteristics of older people. Psychology and Aging, 2, 64-69.
Mufson, M. J. (2008). Coping with anxiety and phobias. Harvard Health Publications.
Olivola, C. Y., & Todorov, A. (2010). Fooled by fist impressions? Reexamining the diagnostic value of appearance-based inferences. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(2), 315-324.
Oosterhof, N. N., & Todorov, A. (2008). The functional basis of face evaluation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 11087–11092.
Parrott W. G. (2011). Emotions in social psychology: Essential readings. Philadelphia: Psychology Press / Taylor & Francis.
Penton-Voak, I. S., Pound, N., Little, A. C., & Perrett, D. I. (2006). Personality judgments from natural and composite facial images: More evidence for a “kernel of truth” in social perception. Social Cognition, 24(5), 607–640.
Reisenzein, R., Meyer, W.-U. & Schutzwohl, A. (2003). Einfürung in die Emotionspsychologie, Band III: Kognitive Emotionstheorien. Bern: Huber.
Romanov, K., Varjonen, J., Kaprio, J., & Koskenvuo, M. (2003). Life events and depressiveness – the effect of adjustment for psychosocial factors, somatic health and genetic liability. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 107(1), 25-33.
Said, C. P., Haxby, J. V., & Todorov, A. (2011). Brain systems for assessing the affective value of faces. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences, 366(1571), 1660-1670.
Scott, N. J., Kramer, R. S. S., Jones, A. L., & Ward, R. (2013). Facial cues to depressive symptoms and
their associated personality attributions. Psychiatry Research, 208, 47–53.
Stirrat, M., & Perrett, D. I. (2010). Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust: Male facial width and trustworthiness. Psychological Science, 21(3), 349-354.
Wong, E. M., Ormiston, M. E., & Haselhuhn, M. P. (2011). A face only an investor could love: CEOs’ facial structure predicts their fims’ fiancial performance. Psychological Science, 22(12), 1478-1483.
Wu, Z., & Fang, Y. (2014). Comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders: challenges in diagnosis and assessment. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 26 (4), 227-231.
Zajonc, R. B. (1985). Emotion and facial efference: A theory reclaimed. Science, 228, 15–21.
Zebrowitz, L. A. (2017). First Impressions From Faces. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(3) 237–242.
Опубліковано
2019-01-21
Цитовано
Як цитувати
Біда, С. О., & Луценко, О. Л. (2019). Повільні сигнали обличчя та їх психодіагностичне значення. Вісник Харківського національного університету імені В. Н. Каразіна. Серія «Психологія», (65), 46-53. вилучено із https://periodicals.karazin.ua/psychology/article/view/12240
