Water facilities of Ternopil: hydrography, ecological condition and water supply
Abstract
The most sensitive to anthropogenic pressure in the city are water resources: surface and groundwater, water sources, etc. Therefore, the analysis of hydrographic features and ecological status of water bodies of the city of Ternopil is an urgent and important scientific and practical task.
Purpose. Analysis of hydrographic features and ecological condition of water bodies of the Ternopil city, coverage of problems of pollution of the reservoir, quality of water in the Seret River and the main water intakes of the city
Methods. Generalization and systematization, descriptive, SWOT-analysis, cartographic, geoinformation, geochemical assessment of the ecological status of water bodies of the city.
Results. Generalization and systematization of data on the hydrographic network of the Ternopil city, allows us to state the fact that the main water bodies of the city is the Seret River – 242 km long (within the city 1.8 km) and the basin area 3900 km2; reservoir – an area of 300 hectares, nameless right tributary and canalized left tributary of the Seret River – the Rudka. The ecological condition of the Seret River within the city of Ternopil can be assessed as unsatisfactory. The main geoecological problems of the river are construction within the the coastal protection zone, water pollution by solid waste, exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations of suspended solids, sulfates, chlorides, nitrates and petroleum products. Environmental problems of the Ternopil reservoir are water pollution by chemical compounds of ammonium nitrogen, petroleum products, suspended solids and total iron; high siltation and pollution of the bottom sediments of the reservoir with heavy metals and mobile forms of biogenic elements. Water supply in the Ternopi cityl is carried out from two water intakes - Biletsky and Verkhnyo-Ivachivsky. Verkhno-Ivachivsky water intake is located at a distance of 3 km from the city landfill in the village of Malashivtsi. In the last few years, the process of drilling and using private artesian wells with a depth of more than 50 m has become widespread in the city. According to the results of the analysis, installed compliance with sanitary requirements of water samples in these wells, pH in all samples within normal limits (6,5-8,5).
Conclusions. Current trends in climate change and the growth of anthropogenic pressure on water bodies, increases the risks of degradation and changes in some components of the hydrographic network of the city. In Ternopil, it is necessary to modernize the centralized water supply system, reconstruct rainwater collectors and strengthen control over unauthorized discharges into surface water bodies. It is also worth designing another water intake for the city in environmentally secure conditions.
Downloads
References
Kyselov, Y. & Shutak, K. (2019). On the formation of scientific principles of urban hydro-ecology. Young scientist, №7(71), 10-13. https://doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2019-7-71-3 (in Ukrainian).
Grubіnko, V.V., Gumenjuk, G.B., Volіk, O.V., Svinko, J.M., Makartnі, F.M. (2013). Ecosystem of a regu-lated reservoir in urban conditions (on the example of Ternopil Reservoir). Ternopil: editorial and pub-lishing department TNPU (in Ukrainian).
Grubinko, V.V., Humeniuk, H.B., Khomenchuk, V.O., Garmatiy, N.M., Voytiuk, V.B. & Barna, M.M. (2018). Ecotoxicological status and prognosis of the state of an urbanized hydroecosystem (on the ex-ample of the reservoir «Ternopil pond»). Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 27 (2), С. 202-212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/111845 (in English).
Tsaryk, L., Poznyak, I. & Tsaryk, V. (2017). Ecological danger of regulated water (on the materials of Ternopil reservoir). Scientific Notes Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Geography, №2, 140-144. Retrieved from: http://geography.tnpu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/23.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Tsaryk, V. L. (2018). Water and ecological condition of Ternopil reservoir. Proceedings of the scientific conference of teachers, graduate students, undergraduates, students of the Department of Geoecology and methods of teaching environmental disciplines TNPU. Ternopil, 112-118. Retrieved from: http://dspace.tnpu.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/13143/1/22Tsaryk.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Stetsko, N. & Bytsyura, L. (2019). Ternopil reservoir as a recreational object. Scientific Notes Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Geography, №1(46), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.19.2.24 (in Ukrainian).
Stetsko, N. (2018). Geoecological investigations of the upper father of Seret river. Scientific Notes Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Geography, №2, 180-185. Retrieved from: http://geography.tnpu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/24.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Tsaryk, L. & Tsaryk, P. (2012). Local eco-network as nature protection system of Ternopil city. Modern city strategy. Proceedings of the All-Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Conference. Simferopol: Cri-mean Institute of Business of UEU. 138-143 (in Ukrainian).
Tsaryk, P.L. & Tsaryk, L.P. (2013). «Zagrebellja» Landscape Regional Park in the system of recreational and protected nature management. Monograph. Ternopil: editorial and publishing department TNPU (in Ukrainian).
Zabokrytska, M. & Khilchevsky, V. (2016). Water bodies of Lutsk: hydrography, local monitoring, water supply and water disposal. Hydrology, hydrochemistry, hydroecology, 2(42), 64-76. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/glghge_2016_3_9 (in Ukrainian).
Koinova, I. B. & Chorna, A-K. (2019). Lviv reservoirs: current geo-ecological status and opportunites for its improvement. Man and environment. Issues of neoecology, №32, 6-15. https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2019-32-01 (in Ukrainian).
Pakholiuk, O.T. (2014). River Network as a Natural Framework in the Formation of Green Zone of L'viv. Scientific Bulletin of NLTU of Ukraine. Ecology and environment, 24.3, 101-105. Retrieved from: https://nv.nltu.edu.ua/Archive/2014/24_3/101_Pach.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Maksymenko, N. V. & Zinkovskaya, L. V. (2014). Evaluation of the aquatic ecosystem river Kharkiv means of landscape planning. Man and environment. Issues of neoecology, №1-2, 35-44. Retrieved from: https://periodicals.karazin.ua/humanenviron/article/download/877/662/ (in Ukrainian).
Nekos, A. N. Maksimov, A. M. & Shevchyk, K. V. (2019). Ecological quality of natural waters from urban springs of Kharkiv. Man and environment. Issues of neoecology, №31, 96-103. https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2019-31-09 (in Ukrainian).
Klieshch, A.A., Maksymenko, N.V. & Ponomarenko, P.R. (2017). Territorial structure of the land use of Kharkiv city. Man and environment. Issues of neoecology, №1-2 (27), 23-34. Retrieved from: http://journals.uran.ua/ludina_dov/article/view/109771/104811(in Ukrainian).
Rychak, N. L. & Grychanyi, O. M. (2019). Estimation of impact from surface runoff on water objects in urban landscape conditions. Man and environment. Issues of neoecology, №31, 104-116. https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2019-31-10 (in Ukrainian).
Klieshch, A. A. & Samoilova, Yu. V. (2019). Development of water-protection zones in an UA city: methodical problems and ways of their solution through landscape-ecological planning. Man and envi-ronment. Issues of neoecology, №31, 26-39. https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2019-31-03 (in Ukrainian).
Chebolda, I. & Kuzyk, I., (2020). Water use of settlements of Ternopil region: current state and direc-tions of optimization. Interdisciplinary integration processes in the system of geographical, tourism and environmental science: materials of the II international scientific-practical conference. Ternopil, 328-335. Retrieved from: http://dspace.tnpu.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/17282/1/Tsebolda.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Official site of the Regional Office of Water Resources in Ternopil region. Retrieved from: https://rovrto.davr.gov.ua/ (in Ukrainian).
Official site of the Dniester Basin Water Management. Retrieved from: https://vodaif.gov.ua/ (in Ukrainian).
Ternopil Pond Reservoir Development Program for 2017-2019 Approved at the Ternopil City Council session on December 16, 2016. Ternopil. Retrieved from: https://ternopilcity.gov.ua/strategichni-ta-programni-dokumenti/galuzevi-programi/galuzevi-programi-arhiv/42513.html (in Ukrainian).
Affiliate «Ternopіl'komunekologіja» Municipal Enterprise «Ternopіl'komunіnvest». Retrieved from: https://youcontrol.com.ua/ru/catalog/company_details/35492312/ (in Ukrainian).
Ternopil investmen passport, 2019. Retrieved from: https://ternopilcity.gov.ua/app/webroot/files/Investment_passport_Ternopil_2019-09052019%2008%20-%2005%20-2019.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Syvyj, M.Ya. (Ed.). Geography of Ternopil region. Vol.1. Natural conditions and resources. Ternopil: Krok. Retrieved from: http://dspace.tnpu.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/23577/1/Maryniak.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Decree of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine №45 of 06.02.2017 «On approval of the List of pollutants to determine the chemical status of surface and groundwater massifs and the ecological potential of artificial or significantly altered surface water massif». Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0235-17#Text (in Ukrainian).
Decree of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine №383 of 23.12.1996 «On approval of State sanitary rules and regulations». Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0136-97#Text (in Ukrainian).
Decree of the President of Ukraine №392 / 2020 On the Decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine of September 14, 2020 «On the National Security Strategy of Ukraine». Retrieved from: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/3922020-35037 (in Ukrainian).
Decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine of July 30, 2021 №357 / 2021 «On the state of water resources of Ukraine». Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/n0049525-21#n2
Copyright (c) 2022 Tsaryk L. P., Kuzyk I. R., Yankovska L. V.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors reserve the right of attribution for the submitted manuscript, while transferring to the Journal the right to publish the article under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). This license allows free distribution of the published work under the condition of proper attribution of the original authors and the initial publication source (i.e. the Journal)
Authors have the right to enter into separate agreements for additional non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form it was published in the Journal (such as publishing the article on the institutional website or as a part of a monograph), provided the original publication in this Journal is properly referenced
The Journal allows and encourages online publication of the manuscripts (such as on personal web pages), even when such a manuscript is still under editorial consideration, since it allows for a productive scientific discussion and better citation dynamics (see The Effect of Open Access).
