Spatial and Temporal Variability of Pm2.5 Air Polution Level in Kharkiv City
Abstract
Purpose of the study is to determine spatial and temporal variability of PM2.5 air pollution level within urban geosystems with a high anthropogenic pressure (on the example of Kharkiv city).
Methods. Open online monitoring platform «Air Pollution», PM2.5 level was measured with «7bit Pollution Monitor», statistical.
Results. Monitoring of PM2.5 air pollution of Kharkiv was conducted from August 1, 2019 to April 1, 2020 at 6 control points in different districts of the city. Air Pollution open online monitoring platform served as a data source of 28,119 mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the air. Threshold concentrations, recommended by the WHO, were used to determine compliance with hygienic standards for fine dust of less than 2.5 μm. The PM2.5 air pollution level and its degree of threat to public health were assessed in accordance with the International Air Quality Index (AQI) scale. Fine particles pose the greatest health risk. Exceeding the PM2.5 threshold level set by the WHO was detected for 17.4% of studied cases (4,905 out of 28,119 studied cases).
the AQI scale, in the vast majority of cases, the content of PM2.5 in the air varies from low to moderate. The highest level of PM2.5 in the air was measured at point No. 1 at the address Aptekarskyi Lane 9, which may be due to its location in areas with high traffic. The daily, weekly and seasonal variability of PM2.5 content was determined. Seasonal and daily variations in the content PM2.5 of in the air of Kharkiv depend on changes in weather conditions (precipitation, wind speed, etc.), the level of traffic congestion and the operation mode of potential stationary pollution sources.
Conclusions. The obtained results provide a basis for further study of the correlation of PM2.5 content in the air with the influence of various natural and socio-economic factors of the territory, as well as with the mortality rates.
In general, according to
Downloads
References
Environment of Kharkiv region: a statistics digest. (2019). Main Department of Statistics in Kharkiv Region. Retrieved from http://kh.ukrstat.gov.ua/categories/1036-publikatsii-prezentatsiini-versii/ekonomichna-statystyka/ekonomichna-diialnist/navkolyshnie-seredovyshche/3112-navkolishne-seredovishche (in Ukrainian).
Report on the state of the environment in Kharkiv region in 2018. (2019). Department of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Kharkiv Regional State Administration, Kharkiv. Retrieved from https://kharkivoda.gov.ua/content/documents/1006/100511/Attaches/regionalna_dopovid_2018.pdf
(in Ukrainian).
Monitoring of air pollution in Kharkiv. (2020). Kharkiv Regional Center for Hydrometeorology: official information server: website. Retrieved from http://kharkiv.meteo.gov.ua/monitoring/ (in Ukrainian).
DSP-201-97. (1997). State sanitary regulations for protection of atmospheric air of settlement areas (from pollution with chemical and biological substances): adopted by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated on July 9, 1997 No. 201. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0201282- 97
(in Ukrainian).
Slobodianyuk, A. A., Garcia Camacho Hernan Ullianodt, Silva Rubio Luis Antonio & Vasylkivskyi, I. V. (2018). Investigation of aerosol pollution of Vinnytsia. Proceedings of the XLVII Scientific and Technical Conference of VNTU departments, Vinnytsia, 2018, March 14-23, (pp.1-5). Vinnytsia, Vinnytsia National Technical University. Retrieved from http://ir.lib.vntu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/22391 (in Ukrainian).
Nemenko, B. A, Iliyasova, A. D. & Arynova, G. A. (2014). Estimation of the danger degree of fine dust particles in the air. Bulletin of KazNMU, (3-1), 133–135. Retrieved from https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otsenka-stepeni-opasnosti-melkodispersnyh-pylevyh-chastits-vozduha (in Russian).
Ponomarova, S. D. (2019). Protection of atmospheric air from pollution by emissions of organic fine particulate matter generated in confectionery enterprises. (Master’s thesis). Research Institute "Ukrainian Research Institute of Environmental Problems", Kharkiv (in Ukrainian).
Effects on health of suspended particles. (2013). Implications for policy development in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. WHO Regional Office for Europe Newsletter. Copenhagen. Retrieved from http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/189052/Health-effects-of-particulate-matter-final-Rus.pdf?ua=1 (in Russian).
Nevmerzhitsky, N. V. (2016). Methodology for assessing and predicting extreme air pollution on highways with fine particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5. (Master’s thesis). St. Petersburg. Retrieved from https://www.dissercat.com/content/metodika-otsenki-i-prognozirovaniya-ekstremalnogo-zagryazneniya-vozdukha-na-avtomagistralyak (in Russian).
Strelyaeva, A. B., Lavrentieva, L. M., Lupinogin, V. V. & Gvozdkov, I. A. (2017). Investigations of PM10 and PM2.5 particles level in a residential area located near industrial enterprises. Engineering Journal of Don, (2), 8. Retrieved from http://www.ivdon.ru/ru/magazine/archive/n2y2017/4238 (in Russian).
Air Pollution: website. Retrieved from https://www.air-pollution.ml (in Russian).
Nekos, A., Medvedeva, Y. & Cherkashyna, N. (2019). Assessment of environmental risks from atmospheric air pollution in industrially developed regions of Ukraine. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 28(3), 511–518. Retrieved from https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/111947
Beketov,V., Yevtukhova, G., Lomakina, O. (2016) Analysis and assessment of the air pollution level of Kharkiv. Man and Environment. Issues of Neoecology, 26(3-4), 97–103. https://periodicals.karazin.ua/humanenviron/article/view/7759 (in Ukrainian).
Kulyk, M. I. & Ivah, U. A. (2019). Assessment of the atmospheric air quality within the main вus stations Kharkiv. Man and Environment. Issues of Neoecology, 31,117–129. https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2019-31-11 (in Ukrainian).
Lydina, V. І., Maksymenko, N. V. & Cherkashyna, N. I. (2019) Spatial distribution of air dust pollution in Kharkiv city. Environmental protection: Сollection of scientific articles of the XV All-Ukrainian Taliyiv scientific readings. Kharkiv, 2019, 124–125.
Directive 2008/50 / ЕС of the European Parliament and of Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32008L0050&from=en
WHO Air Quality Guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. (2005). Global update 2005. Summary of risk assessment. Geneva: WHO. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/69477/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf;jsessionid=464F804B47551ECF18AC385034A07DB3?sequence=1
European Air Quality Index. GIS Map Application. European Environment Agency: website. Retrieved from https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/air-quality-index
Weather archive in Kharkiv (airport). Weather Schedule rp5.ua: website. Retrieved from https://rp5.ua/ (in Ukrainian).
Climate of Kharkiv. Kharkiv Regional Center for Hydrometeorology: official information server. Retrieved from : http://kharkiv.meteo.gov.ua/klimat-kharkova/ (in Ukrainian).
Authors reserve the right of attribution for the submitted manuscript, while transferring to the Journal the right to publish the article under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). This license allows free distribution of the published work under the condition of proper attribution of the original authors and the initial publication source (i.e. the Journal)
Authors have the right to enter into separate agreements for additional non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form it was published in the Journal (such as publishing the article on the institutional website or as a part of a monograph), provided the original publication in this Journal is properly referenced
The Journal allows and encourages online publication of the manuscripts (such as on personal web pages), even when such a manuscript is still under editorial consideration, since it allows for a productive scientific discussion and better citation dynamics (see The Effect of Open Access).
