Methodological Principles of The Construction Geography on the Study of the State and Protection of Natural Landscapes
Abstract
Purpose. Coverage of some aspects that influence the formation of landscapes. Among the main objectives of the study: to consider the anthropogenic load as one of the factors influencing the development and change of landscapes; to give an analysis of the scientific works of scientists who have considered issues of landscape science in general, as well as anthropogenic landscape science; consider the importance of research results that can be used in projects for the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Results. The landscape, being a multifunctional education, is suitable for performing a different type of activity, but the functions it performs should correspond to its natural properties and resource potential. One of the basic principles of the protection of natural landscapes is the preservation of their structure and nature of functioning in conditions of intensive environmental management, and as a result of anthropogenic pollution. Conducting environmental management in any territory requires an objective and comprehensive environmental assessment of the state of the environment. Integral assessment of the state of the environment and the geological environment in particular (the natural-geological environment) is the most complex geo-ecological task located in the cognitive methodological and methodological chain: system approach → system analysis → integral assessment. Conclusions. Since there is no single integral indicator of the ecological state in nature, a number of bioindication, spatial and dynamic indicators serve as criteria for assessing the ecological state of natural environments and ecosystems, and the integral assessment is based on a certain number of the most representative indicators.
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