Current priorities of monitoring research of roadside ecosystems (on the example of highways of the Cherkask region).
Abstract
Implementation of priorities of ecosystem dynamics during monitoring of roadside landscapes determines the role of a buffer between, mainly, agricultural land and the road surface.
Purpose Using monitoring methods to investigate the modern ecosystem dynamics of roadside landscapes.
Methods. Measurement of the level of noise, dustiness, radiation background with special devices, photography of vegetation and traces of the presence of fauna with further interpretation of the photographs. The results of the chemical analysis of soils were carried out by the ICP-OES method on the iCAP6500DUO device.
Results. Monitoring researches were carried out by route advance by car, first from the village of Sychivka (on the border with the Vinnytsia region) to the east to the city of Cherkasy and in the opposite direction to the city of Uman. A total of 8 stops were made for the relevant measurements and sampling. The intensity of the noise load increased around large settlements (Uman, Smila, Cherkasy), and on intermediate sections of the highway, where vehicles could develop high speeds. The dependence of dustiness on the total carrying capacity of vehicles was determined. The radiation background for all polygons corresponded to the background values. Chemical analysis of soil samples directly near the track and at a distance of 25-30 m from it determined a close dependence on the distance. A generalization of various parameters of the current state of roadside ecosystems is made. In particular, the recording of various types of ruderal plants made it possible to draw a diagram of the degree of completion of the formation of roadside ecosystems.
Conclusions. After the construction of the road surface, over a certain period of time, plant and animal communities are formed along it, which later show signs of ecosystem dynamics
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