National innovation system: current trends and challenges for Ukraine
Abstract
The subject of research in the article is the National Innovation System (NIS). The purpose of the article is to study the current state of the NIS of Entrepreneurship and the essence of public-private partnership in innovation. Objectives: to reveal the essence and structure of NIS, to substantiate the features of their development in the context of the fourth industrial revolution, to characterize the current state of the NIS, to systematize the limitations of its effective functioning. The following results were obtained: proposals were developed to improve the NIS taking into account the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution. Conclusions: the article reveals that Ukraine has good results of innovation in terms of indicators characterizing educational potential, human capital and research. At the same time, the slowdown in innovative development occurs due to an unfavorable institutional environment, environmental instability, operational instability, government inefficiency, problems with the rule of law, uncertainty in the status of insolvency and investment provision. Overcoming obstacles to the formation of the NIS of Entrepreneurship is an important condition for the development of the national economy, dictates the need to improve the state's innovation policy. The active involvement of the state in the development of the NIS will allow to overcome the following obstacles: insufficient use of opportunities for participation in international programs; inconsistency between the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine, which regulate intellectual property relations and special acts on this issue, limited efficiency of innovation infrastructure, insufficient development of venture financing in Ukraine and problems of legal protection of property of foreign investors. The improvement of the situation will be facilitated by the establishment of public-private partnership, which in relation to the innovation sphere is an organizational form of cooperation between the state and business in the implementation of innovative projects in certain areas of the national economy on a contractual basis. Thus, the relevance of public-private partnerships for innovation has been proven.
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