The Peculiarities of Ecosystems Functioning in Case of Radioactive Pollution: from Degradation to Restoration

  • М. В. Сарапіна National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine
  • Є. О. Варивода National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine
Keywords: radioactive pollution, ecosystem, restoration factors,

Abstract

Purpose.  The analysis of peculiarities of natural ecosystems functioning in case of radioactive pollution is provided. Methods. Theoretical analysis and synthesis. Results. The ecosystems of Polissya are considered as a case study in the article since they have been impacted severely as the result of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. The key factors influencing on the degree of ecosystems restoration in case of emergency situation related to radioactive pollution are determined and systematized. The background of the ecosystems classification is idea about correspondence of the structure and species composition of ecosystems autotrophic unit (phytocenosis) to habitat conditions (ecotope). It is determined that changes in Polissya ecosystems in the area of the Chernobyl nuclear accident impact caused not only by radiation but also a wide range of secondary processes not related directly to the contamination of the environment. Based on the analysis of information accumulated over the past 30-year period it is determined that the degree of ecosystems degradation and restoration depends both on the individual characteristics of the components of ecosystems, and the nature of the emergency and post-emergency anthropogenic activity. Conclusions. Analyzing the restoration of natural ecosystems, can be observed  the effect of synergy on the one hand due to the properties of natural ecosystems and their components resist radiation effects and maintain its structure and functional features, and the other - decreasing anthropogenic load.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

М. В. Сарапіна, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine
канд. техн. наук., доц.,
Є. О. Варивода, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine
канд. геогр. наук, доц.

References

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Fundamental Safety Principles: safety fundamentals. IAEA safety standards series № SF. – 1, ISSN 1020-525X, ISBN 92-0=110706-4. Vienna: IAEA, 2006.

International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The Recommendations of the International Comission on Radiological Protection. Publication 103. Ann. ICRP, 2007. Vol. 37. № 2-4. 321 p.

FREDERICA Radiation Effects Database http://www. Frederica-org

Hingston J.L., Copplestone P., Beresford N.A., Howard B.J. A Review of Approaches to Protection of the Environment from Chemicals and Ionising Radiation: Requirements and Recommendations for a Common Framework. Report for the PROTECT Project. EC Contract №036425 (FIGR). Centre for Ecology and Hydrology – Lancaster. Lancaster, 2007.

Smith J.T., Beresford N.A. Chornobyl. Catastrophe and Consequences. Berlin-New York: Springer; Chichester: Praxis Pub., 2005. 310 p.

Оценка экологического риска радиацион-ного воздействия для природных экосистем, загрязненных в результате аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС. Т.А. Майстренко, Е.С. Белых, А.В. Трапезников, В.Г. Зайнуллин, О.М. Вахрушева // Известия Коми научного центра УрО РАН. Выпуск 3(15). Сыктывкар, 2013. – С. 42-47.

Двадцять п’ять років Чорнобильської катастрофи. Безпека майбутнього. – К.: КІМ, 2011. – 356 с.

лет чернобыльской аварии: итоги и перспективы преодоления ее последствий. Нац. доклад Республики Беларусь. Минск: Министерство по чрезвычайным ситуациям Республики Беларусь. 2016. – 116 с.

лет после чернобыльской катастрофы: последствия в Республике Беларусь и их преодоление. Нац. доклад // Под ред. В.Е. Шевчука, В.Л. Гурачевского. – Минск: Комитет по проблемам последствий катастрофы на Чернобыльской АЭС при СМ Республики Беларусь. 2006. – 112 с.

Мурзин Н.В., Лысцов В.Н. Природные экосистемы. Критерии безопасности и благополучия. – М.: Ихтиосфера, 2014. – 242 с.

Якушенко Д.М. Класифікація екосистем Житомирського Полісся // Український фітоценологічний збірник. – Київ, 2005. – Сер. С., Вип. 1 (23). – С. 16-35.

Гродзинський М.Д. Стійкість геосистем до антропогенних навантажень. К. : Ліцей, 1995. – 233 с.

Семенов А.А., Мелкулиян В.Г.. Основи теорії надійності : навч. посіб.– К. : КМУЦА, 1998. 84 с.

Попов А.А., Ковач В.Е., Бляшенко О.В., Сметанин К.В. Методы определения устойчивости геоэкосистем в зонах наблюдения АЭС // Scientific Journal «ScienceRise» № 7/2 (12), 2015. – С. 62-70

How to Cite
Сарапіна, М. В., & Варивода, Є. О. (1). The Peculiarities of Ecosystems Functioning in Case of Radioactive Pollution: from Degradation to Restoration. Man and Environment. Issues of Neoecology, (3-4(26), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2016-26-10