The pesticides impact on soil microflora in the context of sustainable natural resource use
Abstract
Purpose. Study of the impact of the pesticides Pesticol and KarateGold on soil microflora, specifically on bacterial communities of the genera Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, Bacillus, and Micrococcus, in the context of balanced nature management.
Methods. Serial dilutions, Drygalsky, the Gram method and microscopy, agar diffusion methods, statistical processing.
Results. Soil samples were selected in different locations of the city of Lutsk: 1 – botanical reserve “Vorotniv”, forest zone; 2 – section of the E85 highway on Okruzhnaya Street, 37; 3 – flower garden near the dormitory No. 2 of the VNU on Vynnychenko Street, 22. Two types of the most commonly used pesticides were selected for the study: Pesticol (active substance concentration 6.0 %) and KarateGold (active substance concentration 0.075 %). Analysis of the effect of pesticides on microorganisms showed that the selected drugs, such as Pesticol and KarateGold, have different effects on different types of soil bacteria, which emphasizes the importance of studying their effect on the microbiota. The obtained research results clearly show that the drug with a lower concentration of the active substance is less aggressive and more environmentally friendly compared to the other. The results showed that for Streptomyces bacteria, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the pesticide Pesticol is 16 μg/ml, while for KarateGold it is 2 μg/ml, which indicates high sensitivity to the first pesticide. In the case of Micrococcus bacteria, the MIC for Pesticol is also 2 μg/ml, while the bacteria showed high resistance to KarateGold, which is confirmed by their presence in all tubes except the first.
Conclusions. The negative impact of pesticide use on these microorganisms, which may cause disruption of the soil ecosystem. Taking into account the impact of pesticides on microflora is of great importance when developing a plant protection strategy to ensure a balanced use of chemical protection agents. Research can contribute to a better understanding of the effect of pesticides on microorganisms in the soil, which is important for balanced environmental management
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