Impact of projective soil cover with post-harvest residues on soil microbiological indicators in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Abstract
The transformation of crop residues is an important factor in shaping the spatial and functional structure of the soil microbial biome, crucial for enhancing soil fertility and ecological sustainability. Their application as a component of agrotechnology contributes to developing a stable, active, and diverse microbial community.
Purpose. To determine the effect of crop residue ground cover on the abundance of actinomycetes in soil.
Methods. Field experiments, laboratory-analytical procedures, and statistical methods.
Results. The data on the impact of various crop residues on the abundance of actinomycetes in soil presents. It was proven that residues of sunflower, corn, and soybean significantly enhanced microbiological activity, particularly increasing actinomycete numbers compared to the control without residues. The highest abundance of actinomycetes was recorded in soil with sunflower residues, indicating the high potential of this residue type to improve soil biological quality. An inverse relationship was found between actinomycete abundance and both soil moisture and temperature: optimal conditions were observed at 18.3% moisture and 26.0°C. The developed regression model demonstrated a moderate correlation between soil moisture and actinomycete abundance. The study emphasizes the importance of the chemical composition of crop residues, particularly the carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio, in creating favourable conditions for soil microbial development.
Conclusions. The use of crop residues in resource-saving farming systems is an effective measure to stimulate microbiological processes and improve soil fertility. Establishing the dependence of microbial activity on soil moisture and temperature makes it possible to optimize the water regime, reduce energy inputs for soil management, and ensure the sustainable development of the microbiota under climate change conditions.
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