Environmentally Safe Method of Localization of Soil Pollution in Emergency Situations of Technogenic Nature

doi:10.26565/1992-4259-2019-21-05

E. D. Slepuzhnikov National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine, 94,Chernyshevska Str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-3512
R. A. Pietukhov National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine, 94, Chernyshevska Str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0414-2546
R. V. Ponomarenko National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine, 94, Chernyshevska Str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-3108
Y. V. Buts V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 6, Svobody sqr., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0450-2617

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2019-21-05

Keywords: soil, hardening foam, toxic liquid, gelation, absorbent, catalyst, foaming agent

Abstract

Puporse. Development a method for the localization of emergencies associated with the leakage of volatile toxic liquids, by using the foams with adjustable curing time. Methods. Surface insulation method of the spilled toxic liquid by using the air-mechanical foam. Results. The results of the development a method for the localization of emergencies associated with the leakage of volatile toxic liquids, by using the foams with adjustable curing time are presented. The new scientific result consists in the use of gelation processes, to obtain an insulating agent with a specified time of curing. It has been established that the most effective means that reduce the rate of transition of toxic liquids to the gas phase are those that ensure the liquid surface isolation. It is proposed to use foam with the time of cure that can be adjust ed. Experimentally determined gel times for two gel forming systems (NH₄Cl + Na₂O • 2,5SiO₂ and (NH₄)₂SO₄+ Na₂O ∙ 2,5SiO₂). On the basis of the data obtained, the concentrations of the gel formulation and the gelation catalyst with the gel time were selected in the interval of 30-60 s. Conclusions. The developed systems allow to achieve a long process of isolation at a lower specific consumption of components. It is shown that the use of the proposed components in the soil is an environmentally safe process.

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Author Biographies

E. D. Slepuzhnikov, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine, 94,Chernyshevska Str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine

PhD (Technical Sciences), the department of special chemistry and chemical technology

R. A. Pietukhov, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine, 94, Chernyshevska Str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine

adjunct, Department of Special Chemistry and Chemical Technology

R. V. Ponomarenko, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine, 94, Chernyshevska Str., Kharkiv, 61023, Ukraine

PhD (Technical Sciences), Senior Researcher, Deputy Chief of Fire and Rescue Training Department

Y. V. Buts, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 6, Svobody sqr., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine

PhD (Geography), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Environmental Safety and Environmental Education

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