HOBBES'S GHOSTS OR WHY YOU SHOULDN'T FEAR LEVIATHAN

Abstract

The idea is considered that T. Hobbs’s “Leviathan” is not only a particular example and a representation of classical Western European thinking, but turns out to be some “metatheoretical” place, in which the very potentiated field of the opportunity of clarification, and very production of a social order problem, and, ambivalently – all socio-theoretical discourse is formed. According to the author, after T. Hobbes problems which are “strategic” for all modern theoretical sociology and which, at the same time, are constitutive for her can be put. What “art” – which is in the middle of the life, in the middle of human reality – can collect particular human existence in the uniform and coordinated been, acting for the benefit of all? How does it turn out in such a way that creation which “master”, according to Hobbes, is the person gains universal dimension? How is transition owing to which individual free figures get the lives unified way which substantially is represented the general state is carried out? Whether such a transition is possible? How to think of it? By what force on what basis, according to what principles, by the action of what algorithm, due to what structure small figures keep in borders of a body of the Leviathan? The solution which is proposed by Thomas Hobbes for a problem of social order – that is the public contract on the utilitarian basement – has, on the belief of the author, secondary value in the face of opening by Hobbes the matrix of the social-theoretical thinking. Thus, contradictions and discrepancies which can be found in the text by Gobbes, the author seeks to consider as “a point of growth of a discourse” and as fixing and registrations of potential opportunities of the discourse of social order, as well as the phenomenon of society itself.