The problem of the nature and characteristics of the formation of ethnic identity of ukrainians

Abstract

At the present stage of development of Ukrainian society has become particularly important to research ethnic consciousness. Inclusion of the ethnic perspective to the science field of sociology, history, culture, ethnolinguistics, psychology provides versatile ethnic consciousness. The research of psychological factors in the ormation of ethnic consciousness can reveal the internal mechanisms and optimal conditions for its development. Special attention needs ethnic tolerance. Its formation demands knowledge, openness, communication, conscience and belief. Tolerance – is the unity in diversity. Nowadays Ukraine's ethnic tolerance – is a modulator of Ukrainian unity, the condition of peace and tranquility, in an international context – the foundation of European integration. At the present stage of development of Ukrainian society are particularly important studies of ethnic consciousness. The study of psychological factors of its formation can reveal the internal mechanisms and the optimal conditions for its development. The article shows the problem of features of formation of ethnic identity of Ukrainians. Tempestuous social processes are taking place throughout the world, characterized by ambiguity and contradictions, unstable nature of interethnic relations The article describes the main features of such concepts as ethnic identity, ethnic and social tolerance. Ukrainian representatives of other social groups and nationalities were analised. The research reveals the main features of ethnic, social and general tolerance depending on area of residence and age of respondents. There are ways of forming tolerant attitude to people of other races and ethnic groups, their own ethnic group, estimates cultural distance as the willingness to the individual perception of certain phenomena of national life and interethnic relations, property ethnic community or its individual representatives, characterized by willingness to accept the legitimacy of the culture, traditions, values, behavior and communication patterns, lifestyle of other ethnic groups; focus mind of ethnic recognition and respect for human values and self–worth, their needs and rights; Culture empathic attitude to the world and ethnic identity; basics of behavior and activities, based on balancing social
positions and stabilization their relationship.