Trends of modern climate change in Kharkiv oblast

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to identify and establish regular climate changes in Kharkiv Oblast, as well as to highlight individual variability in certain settlements.

The main material. In general, in Ukraine, the issue of climate change is a serious problem, because, according to research by both Ukrainian and international scientists, the country’s climate has been changing for a long time. The main directions of these changes are an increase in the average annual and monthly air temperature, as well as fluctuations in precipitation throughout the year. The greatest threat to Ukraine in this context is the deterioration of conditions for growing various agricultural crops, since a significant part of the Ukrainian economy is focused on the primary sector. And accordingly, the main task is a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of climate change in the Kharkiv Oblast at the regional level. The study has identified the main trends and features of the transformation of the climatic regime in the region. Particular attention has been paid to assessing the impact of active hostilities on the accuracy and completeness of climatic observations, as well as on the formation of local microclimatic conditions within the region. Based on the data obtained, a climate change forecast has been made for individual settlements in Kharkiv Oblast. In addition, a number of recommendations have been formulated aimed at counteracting the negative consequences of climate change and adapting to new conditions.

Conclusions and further research. The general characteristics of the climate and the climatic features of the selected cities have been analyzed. As a result of changes in the global climate, local changes are also observed in the territory of Kharkiv Oblast. Statistical data and constant norms of temperature indicators have been analyzed, which allowed us to identify trends in climate change in 2010-2021. The main trends of climate change in Kharkiv Oblast have been identified, among which the trend of increasing average annual temperature has eeen highlighted, as well as the general increase in temperatures during each month, which has been more pronounced during the winter months. A formula for predicting temperature changes in the territory of the city of Kharkiv has been created, which shows the linear nature of temperature changes in the city, and in connection with this, a list of recommendations for adaptation was created. For the adaptation of the agricultural sector of the economy, it is proposed to introduce state scholarships, subsidies and similar financial incentives for switching to more drought-resistant crops, as well as create state procurement programs for such crops.