Analysis of phenotypic diversity of true leaves in lettuce lines (Lactuca sativa var. secalina L.) created by physical and chemical mutagenesis
Abstract
Background: To expand the genotypic diversity of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. secalina L.), it is advisable to use physical and chemical mutagenesis methods that allow changing beneficial traits of the original form, which can then be stabilized rapidly as a result of inbreeding. Biophysical methods of analysis based on multispectral imaging technologies for phenotypic identification and classification of the studied are not yet sufficiently improved. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct biometric measurements and morphological and identification analyses of the phenotype of mutant genotypes by scoring the levels of manifestation of quality traits.
Objectives: To determine the characteristics of the mutagenic effect of γ-radiation and biologically -active substances of mutagenic action on the genotypic variability of qualitative traits of leaf blade of lettuce plants in the vegetative phase of development and to investigate the correlation between the association of qualitative traits that determine the phenotype of the true leaf and quantitative traits of lettuce lines of mutant origin.
Materials and methods: Non-parametric statistics and criteria for comparing plant objects, methods of botanical classification of leaf lettuce, correlation analysis.
Results: The mutagenic effect of three biologically active substances (DMS (reference), DMU-1, DMU-5) and γ-rays at doses of 11 and 15 kR on the genotypic variability of leaf lettuce based on a set of qualitative characteristics was studied. A comparative analysis of the differences between the qualitative characteristics of the original form (Shar malynovyi variety) and 17 mutant lines created on its basis was carried out. As a result of testing the different mutagens, their high efficiency in inducing mutational changes in the lettuce genome associated with the leaf blade morphology was confirmed. DMU-1 showed the highest efficiency, and 6 mutant lines were obtained under its action. Under the action of γ-irradiation with a dose of 15 kR, 4 lines were obtained. Under the action of γ-irradiation with a dose of 11 kR and DMS, 3 lines were created, respectively.
Conclusions: The established correlations between the levels of qualitative and quantitative traits allow for the selection of potentially high-yielding mutant lines of leaf lettuce depending on the inherited mutational changes that determine the morphology of the real leaf. In particular, it becomes possible to select mutant genotypes based on predicting the level of manifestation of the quantitative trait “Leaf width” (rs = 0,483), which is essential in predicting potential productivity.
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References
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