Biophysical Bulletin https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biophysvisnyk <p>The journal <strong>Biophysical Bulletin</strong> is a periodical scientific professional publication of Ukraine of <strong>Category "A"</strong> in a field of biology, physics, and math. It is approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine for publishing papers submitted for Ph.D. and Dr.Sci. degrees in the fields of sciences: 10 Natural Sciences, specialities <strong>104 Physics and Astronomy, 105 Applied Physics and Nanomaterials</strong>; 09 Biology, speciality <strong>091 Biology</strong>; 16 Chemical and Bioengineering, speciality <strong>163 Biomedical Engineering</strong> (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine No. 220 of 21.02.2024).</p> <p><em>Media i</em><em>dentifier in the Register </em><em>of the field </em><em>of Media Entities:</em><em>&nbsp;</em><strong><em>R30-04481 </em></strong><em>(Decision №&nbsp;1538 dated </em><em>May</em> <em>9</em><em>, 2024</em> <em>of the National Council o</em><em>f</em><em> Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine, Protocol №</em><em> 15</em><em>).</em></p> <p><strong>Biophysical Bulletin</strong> is indexed in <strong>SCOPUS</strong>.</p> <p><strong>ISSN 2075-3810 (print) &nbsp; &nbsp; ISSN&nbsp;2075-3829 (online)</strong></p> <p>The journal publishes original scientific articles, short communications and reviews dealing with physical, mathematical, and engineering problems pertaining to biological systems and solved by methods of experimental and theoretical physics, mathematical modeling and computer simulation.</p> V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University en-US Biophysical Bulletin 2075-3810 <p>Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:</p> <ol type="a"> <li class="show">Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.</li> <li class="show">Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.</li> <li class="show">Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See <a href="http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html" target="_new">The Effect of Open Access</a>).</li> </ol> Influence of low-level laser radiation on the physico-chemical indicators of biomembranes https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biophysvisnyk/article/view/23436 <p><strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong> The study of physical and molecular mechanisms of the influence of low-level laser radiation (LLLR) of a wide frequency range on biological objects allows to clarify the problem of laser photomodulation at the level of natural biological membranes and their model analogues.</p> <p><strong>Objectives:</strong> Identification of molecular and physical mechanisms of the influence of LLLR of a wide frequency range on biological objects of various levels of complexity.</p> <p><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> Research objects: unicellular organisms <em>S.&nbsp;cerevisiae</em>, concentration of cells in the sample 18×10<sup>6</sup>; model lipid membranes from a mixture of phosphatidylcholine and cardiolipin with different content of components (10%, 20% and 40% cardiolipin), which simulates the surface electrical properties of lipid models. A spectrophotometric study of charge redistribution on the cell surface was carried out using bromothymol blue dye. Complex formation of cytochrome c with model membranes was studied spectrophotometrically at the wavelength of the Soret band (405–410 nm). The influence of low-intensity laser radiation with wavelength and power density, respectively: 337 nm, 2.8 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>; 532 nm, 9.5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>; 70.5 μm, 10.0 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> on the yeast cell surface; 632.8 nm, 5.1 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> on liposomes with different protein-lipid composition.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> <em>LLLR</em> of a wide frequency range causes a change in the surface electrical properties of <em>S.&nbsp;cerevisiae</em> cells, namely, a redistribution of the surface charges of the cell membrane, as a result of which a change in the surface membrane potential is recorded. Irradiation of samples of model lipid membranes with a helium-neon laser leads to a change in the surface characteristics of liposomes, which affects the kinetic parameters of the formation of protein-lipid complexes with the participation of cytochrome c.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong><strong>:</strong> The target of laser photomodulation processes is the surface of the biological membrane of both natural cells, for example yeast cells, and model lipid membranes made of a mixture of phospholipids with different content of components. The creation of lipid models based on the protein and lipid composition of natural membranes makes it possible to predict the reaction of cell membranes to the action of <em>LLLR</em> in the model, and to understand the molecular mechanisms of laser photomodulation processes.</p> L. V. Sichevska T. M. Ovsyannikova A. O. Kovalenko I. A. Zabelina O. M. Levchenko O. V. Gurin V. P. Berest Copyright (c) 2024 L. V. Sichevska, T. M. Ovsyannikova, A. O. Kovalenko, I. A. Zabelina, O. M. Levchenko, O. V. Gurin, V. P. Berest http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 52 7 20 10.26565/2075-3810-2024-52-01 Analysis of drug release models from biodegradable nanomodified chitosan based materials https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biophysvisnyk/article/view/23775 <p><strong>Background: </strong>The problem of drug delivery to the tissue-damaged area of the human body remains relevant. Hydroxyapatite (HA), as one of the best known calcium phosphate (CaP) compounds, is used as an inorganic component of composite materials for drug loading. The organic components in composite materials are biopolymers such as alginate, agarose, chitosan (CS), collagen, and gelatin. Selected C<sub>60</sub> nanoparticles are widely used as antibacterial agents and can strengthen the structure of composites. Microwave (MW) irradiation is an exposure method that shortens the synthesis time by significantly increasing the number of nucleation centers, which results the reducing the size of the crystallites formed, which affects the adsorption capacity of the product.</p> <p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Most forms of drug delivery systems demonstrate rapid release of ceftriaxone (CFT) and anasthesin (ANA) within 2 days, characterized by a "burst release" that may cause overdose in the first hours of use. The aim of this work was to investigate and compare the drug release kinetics from convectionally and MW-synthesized CS matrices modified with HA, multiphasic CaP, and fullerene C<sub>60</sub> nanoparticles for long-term bone tissue regeneration.</p> <p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an Agilent 1200 device with a DAD detector (λ = 210–270 nm) and a C18 chromatographic column (Zorbax SB-C18 4.6×150 mm, 5 μm) at ambient temperature.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>HA is a good adsorbent, but a poorly soluble substance, so the pharmacokinetics of ANA release was mainly determined by the degree of adsorption of the drug on the surface of the material and its diffusion potential. CS and C<sub>60</sub> in the composition provide a prolonged release of ANA for up to 18 days. The release of CFT from CaP/CS matrices depends on the method of its introduction into the composite - during synthesis or saturation after synthesis. The saturation method is characterized by a fast release range of 24–48 hours, and adding during synthesis delays active release to 48–72 hours (start of degradation). The release index took values from <em>n</em> = 0.56 to <em>n</em> = 0.92, which corresponds to the release kinetics that does not follow Fick's law, and close to the first-order release kinetics model.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Synthesized composites based on a CS matrix modified with nanostructured CaP particles and fullerene C<sub>60</sub> are potential carriers of CFT and ANA with the function of their long-term release in areas of bone tissue injury.</p> M. O. Kumeda L. B. Sukhodub L. F. Sukhodub Copyright (c) 2024 M. O. Kumeda, L. B. Sukhodub, L. F. Sukhodub http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 2024-12-27 2024-12-27 52 21 32 10.26565/2075-3810-2024-52-02 Cell stress response to combined ionizing and non-ionizing radiation and magnetic fields: a review based on human buccal epithelium cells https://periodicals.karazin.ua/biophysvisnyk/article/view/24119 <p><strong>Background:</strong> The impact of low-dosed ionizing radiation (IR) itself and in combination with the other damaging physical factors such as extremely high frequency (EHF) microwaves and magnetic fields (MF) is currently the object of numerous researches. Results of those investigations, however, still didn’t lead to certain unequivocal conclusions.</p> <p><strong>Objectives:</strong> This paper presents the review and analysis of previously conducted experimental series in comparison with adjacent-aimed works to make a step forward in understanding the role of low doses of ionizing, non-ionizing radiation and magnetic field in the development of cellular effects.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Ultra-low doses of both IR itself and with EHF and MF have triggering effects which included variability of IR effect modification; the significance of even non-ionizing radiation effects was shown on the example of ultra-wideband microwaves irradiation. Combined effects from gamma-IR with EHF microwaves and MF on chromatin led to decrease of heterochromatin granules quantity (HGQ) but affected the cell membrane permeability (CMP) rate greater than IR itself. Mitochondrial activity inhibition and cytoplasm Ca<sup>2+</sup> decrease was detected under exposure to both IR and EHF-microwaves and their combination; MF slightly increased mitochondrial membrane potential and showed no significant changes in Ca<sup>2+ </sup>migration to the nucleus when applied together with IR. Exposure to neutron radiation revealed the maximum of chromatin condensation rate and cell membrane permeability up to the dose 36.5 mSv. Further dose increase returned the state of chromatin and cell membrane to control levels.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Vague effect of ultra-low doses of IR with modifying abilities of EHF-microwaves and MF was shown on the example of HGQ. Effects of high doses of gamma-radiation were also modified by both EHF-microwaves and MF at indexes of HGQ (decrease), CMP (increase), mitochondrial activity (decrease) and Ca<sup>2+</sup> nucleus/cytoplasm redistribution. Irradiation with fast neutrons in low-to-medium dose range led to the development of cell stress signs (HGQ/CMP increase) which were smoothed under the dose increase.</p> K. A. Kuznetsov G. M. Onyshchenko O. T. Nikolov Copyright (c) 2024 K. A. Kuznetsov, G. M. Onyshchenko, O. T. Nikolov http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 2024-12-30 2024-12-30 52 33 44 10.26565/2075-3810-2024-52-03