Leisure between equality and inequality: the history matters

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of the development of the theoretical base of research in the sociology of leisure and its connection with the main methodological searches of sociological science. Based on a retrospective analysis of local studies in the 60-80s. XX century. it is said that most of them lack scientific methodology, which made it difficult to compare the results and calls into question the legitimacy of the data obtained. The concept of developing leisure potential is considered as the basic theoretical basis of research of this period. Using the example of analysis of various spheres and directions of cultural and recreational activities, scientists have proved the positive influence of leisure time on man as a medium for the development of his creative abilities, the formation and realization of cultural capital. Leisure was considered an indicator of freedom and equality, the cultural and leisure environment was a space for the formation of democratic relations in society. The leading theoretical approach of most research in the sphere of leisure of this period was the institutional approach, and functional and conflictological theories were also used. In search of explanations for new trends in the development of leisure in the 80-2000 years. Ukrainian scientists expand the methodological base of research in the sphere of leisure, turn to the theories of cultural reproduction of society (the reconstruction of the social position on cultural characteristics) and the sociocultural methodology of class analysis, which significantly enhances the cognitive and practical potential of research in the field of leisure, makes them a tool for the formation of cultural policies.