Kirchhoff migration method in the problem of detecting hidden metal objects using ultra-wideband GPR
Abstract
Background: Ultra-wideband (UWB) GPR systems are widely used to detect hidden objects. However, efficient data processing, especially in complex environments with heterogeneities, remains a pressing problem. The accuracy of determining the depth of such objects largely depends on the correct application of migration methods and signal preprocessing.
Objectives: To solve the model problem of determining the depth of a metal pipe in a homogeneous and heterogeneous environment using the Kirchhoff migration method for further application of the approach to real GPR data.
Materials and method: The environment model included a homogeneous region and a region with a trench containing a metal pipe. The FDTD method with a Gaussian pulse of 0.6 ns duration was used to model signal propagation. B-scan images were generated from 15 antenna positions, and the data were subjected to pre-processing and Kirchhoff migration. In the case of an inhomogeneous medium, the change in dielectric constant was taken into account.
Results: A clear image of the pipe was obtained after applying the migration method, which coincides with the actual depth of the object in both homogeneous and inhomogeneous media. In case of ignoring local changes in the dielectric constant, an error is observed that can reach a value close to the pipe diameter.
Conclusions: The Kirchhoff migration method is effective for determining the depth of metal objects in a model environment, provided that the parameters of the environment are correctly estimated
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References
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