NEW PARADIGMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION: SYNTHESIS OF EXISTENTIALISM, PERSONALISM AND DIALOGICAL APPROACH

Abstract

The article deals with the issues of understanding human existence in the context of post-nonclassical philosophy, where value-semantic, communicative and existential aspects acquire special importance. The main attention is focused on the processes of self-knowledge, existential choice, identity formation and transformation of subjectivity in conditions of rapid social and cultural changes. The study uses methods of phenomenology, hermeneutics, as well as historical and philosophical comparability to study the strategies of understanding human existence that arise within the framework of post-nonclassical philosophy. It is shown that the anthropological paradigm is transforming from metaphysical objectivity to an emphasis on personal experience, interpersonal dialogue and processes of personality formation. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the significant phenomena of modernity - cultural fragmentation, moral relativism, loss of stable identities - on the formation of a new type of anthropological thinking. The focus of the analysis is the transition from a one-dimensional to a multidimensional model of man, in which intersubjectivity, reflection and responsibility play an important role. The originality of the approach lies in the synthesis of ideas of existentialism, personalism, philosophy of dialogue and post-non-classical concepts of the subject. It is concluded that philosophical anthropology in the post-non-classical era becomes a key tool for interpreting man as an open, dynamic being who is in a constant search for meaning. The results of the study can be used to form new concepts of human development, education, intercultural interaction and ethical responsibility within the framework of modern humanitarian knowledge. The analysis of post-nonclassical approaches reveals that modern philosophy of anthropology departs from classical rationalist and metaphysical models, offering a more complex view of man. This opens up new prospects for interdisciplinary research that takes into account cultural, social, and psychological aspects of being. Special emphasis is placed on dialogue and communication, which allows us to rethink traditional notions of identity as a static category, emphasizing its dynamic, constitutive nature instead. Thus, post-nonclassical philosophy of anthropology acts as a platform for the formation of ethical models that take into account the complexity and multiplicity of human experience, contributing to overcoming the one-dimensional approaches that dominated previously. Such an approach is especially relevant in the context of globalization processes and cultural diversity, which pose new challenges to philosophy and opens up opportunities for its development.