Високотемпературні силіциди: властивості та застосування

Ключові слова: високотемпературні силіциди, кремній, тугоплавкі метали, покриття, окислення

Анотація

В огляді викладено історичну ретроспективу і сучасний стан досліджень структури, властивостей та застосування в науці і техніці високотемпературних силіцидних матеріалів. Ці матеріали, зокрема, конструкційні та функціональні матеріали на основі або з використанням силіцидів тугоплавких металів, є найважливішим альтернативним класом матеріалів, що стано-влять гідну конкуренцію спеціальним сплавів, інтерметалідам, керамікам, які традиційно використовують при високих (по-над 1500 °C) температурах в окислювальних або інших агресивних середовищах. Проаналізовано відомі дані про діаграми стану, зокрема, систем молібден – кремній і вольфрам – кремній. Відзначені відмінності описів діаграм різних авторів, розг-лянуті деякі кристалохімічні та фізичні властивості деяких високотемпературних силіцидів. Перелічені сфери використання високотемпературних силіцидних матеріалів різного типу (шаруватих і багатофазних композитів, консолідованих порошків, плівкових структур, об’ємних матеріалів). Докладніше викладені проблеми створення та використання високотемператур-них захисних силіцидних покриттів, а також можливі шляхи покращення їхніх експлуатаційних характеристик. Відзнача-ється, що суттєвою проблемою при створенні нових високотемпературних силіцидних матеріалів є відсутність єдиного під-ходу до подання та співставлення наукових результатів, а також опису реальних експлуатаційниних характеристик матеріа-лів.

Завантаження

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Біографія автора

S. V. Lytovchenko, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University4 Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine

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Опубліковано
2016-12-14
Цитовано
Як цитувати
Lytovchenko, S. V. (2016). Високотемпературні силіциди: властивості та застосування. Східно-європейський фізичний журнал, 3(3), 4-24. https://doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2016-3-01