Традиции исторической полонистики в Университете Святого Владимира: изучение внешней политики средневековой Польши
Анотація
Университет Св. Владимира – один из главных научных центров изучений истории Польши в Российской империи. Проявление интереса к польскому прошлому здесь в большинстве случаев было связано с обращениями к истории польско-русских и польско-украинских отношений. Уже во второй половине 30-х в Киеве И. Н. Данилович собирал памятники королевского польского законодательства IX−XII вв. Формированию научного интереса к польской истории способствовала деятельность с 1843 г. Киевской археографической комиссии. Полонистические публикации разного формата подготовили Н. Д. Иванишев, Н. П. Дашкевич, И. А. Линниченко, М. Ф. Владимирский-Буданов, В. В. Новодворский. Н. Д. Иванишев отвергал религиозную подоплёку Брестской унии 1596 г. и показал, что цель унии была чисто политическая. Н. П. Дашкевич рассматривал историю Люблинской унии 1569 г. и среди её главных причин называл интерес к польским привилегиям литовских городов и особенно литовского дворянства. М. Ф. Владимирский-Буданов в магистерской диссертации «Немецкое право в Польше и Литве» относил начало государственной агонии Польши, по сути, ещё к XIII в., когда в Польшу начало проникать немецкое право и немецкие переселенцы. В очерке В. В. Новодворского были раскрыты особенности дипломатии Польши, Швеции и Дании в царствование Стефана Батория. Наиболее фундаментальным исследованием по истории внешней политики средневековой Польши стала монография И. А. Линниченко, посвящённая изучению целого комплекса польско-русский связей в IX–XII вв. Как и большинство представителей дореволюционной отечественной полонистики, киевские исследователи осуществляли поиск доказательств нежизнеспособности средневекового Польского государства, оправдывали последующую утрату им независимости вследствии, главным образом, агрессивной внешней политики на востоке и последствий польско-литовских уний.
Завантаження
Посилання
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