Metal production of Srubnaya cultural community of the Late Bronze Age in the Dnieper-Don region: general trend of development
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of metal production activity of Srubnaya community in the Late Bronze Age (XIX—XIII сenturies B.C.). Analysis of the source database accumulated in the Dnieper-Don region from the carriers of Pokrovsky-Mosolovskaya (XIX—XIII сenturies B.C.) and Berezhnovka-Maiovka (XVII—XIII сenturies B.C.) cultural traditions allowed the author to trace the general trend of metal production development in Srubnaya community of the Dnieper-Don interfluve area in the Late Bronze Age.
The obtained observations suggest the existence of a uniform distribution of metal products throughout the entire Dnieper-Don region in the Late Bronze Age. It was possible to discover due to the development of local ores, as well as organized distribution system of metal products. The main supplier of raw materials for metal production in this region was the Donetsk Mining and Metallurgical Center (DMMC).
As a highly organized and oriented to a large-scale production, the system of monuments dedicated to copper ore extraction and processing, DMMC arose at the final stage of the paleometallic era - in the Late Bronze Age. Its occurrence was the result of the progressive (evolutionary) development of previous metal production cultural systems of the early metal era, which were functioning primarily in the Dnieper-Don region.
Limited in volume and short-term copper ore development, which could be carried out within the artisanal period in the Eneolithic - Middle Bronze Age (including Babin time), in the process of its historical development ended with a qualitatively new organizational structure, such as mining and metallurgical center, only in the Late Bronze Age. As a result, DMMC could provide with copper ore concentrate not only individual craftsmen or certain specialized settlements which functioned in compatible system of Berezhnovka-Maiovka srubnaya culture, but also specialists, as well as settlements in which metal production was carried out within different culture.
Dynamic integration processes observed in the Late Bronze Age also contributed to the saturation of the region under study with metal from other sources.
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References
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