Antiquities (Drevnosti). Kharkiv Historical & Archaeological Annual

Syriam esse nostram… (Cic. Flac. 30). Why did Pompey turn the Seleucid state into a Roman province?

2021-04-16T12:07:50+00:00

The article is devoted to the transformation of the Seleucid kingdom into a Roman province during the Eastern campaign of Pompey. Despite the fact that the reasons that pushed Pompey to the creation of a new province were repeatedly discussed in historiography, the question of the motivations of the Roman general remains controversial. Probably, a certain influence on the actions of Pompey had an aim to cope with internal instability in the province, which was caused by years of civil war. However, an analysis of the sources shows that the foreign policy factor had a decisive influence on the actions of Pompey - the desire to use the new province as a bridgehead for a future campaign against Parthia. In this case, a overt violation of the Roman foreign policy principles can be explained - depriving of power of Antiochus XIII who was recognized by the Senate, the military vulnerability of the province of Syria and the deliberate deterioration of relations with the Parthians. Changing the situation in the Roman Republic did not allow Pompey to implement his plans, but the war with Parthia for many decades remained one of the priorities of many Roman leaders, such as Marcus Licinius Crassus, Gaius Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. On the other hand, the new province, which was not defended by the buffer system of the allied kingdoms, itself was exposed to the blows of the Parthian cavalry. In general, the assumption of aggressive intentions of Pompey suggests that the Roman commander in his actions easily abandoned the traditional foreign policy methods of the Roman Senate for political expediency, therefore you should not see in the Pompey a conscious defender of "republican values".

Threadings of rare species from the burials of the early medieval Alans of Kharkov Region

2021-04-09T11:25:32+00:00

The work introduces into the scientific circulation, bronze threadings found in the catacombs No. 5 of Staro-Saltov and No. 145, 153 of the fourth section of the Verkhny Saltov necropolis. Embossed plates were found in the catacombs No. 5 and No. 145, which, in our opinion, are components of bottle-shaped threadings. In their form and manufacturing technique, they are close to the so-called bottle-shaped threadings of type 3 from the monuments of the Perm Pre-Ural, which date from the first half of the 10th century, Saltov complexes with bottle-shaped threadings belong to the end of the VIII - beginning of the IX centuries (catacomb No. 5) and the first half of the IX century (catacomb No. 145). And if the population of Prikamie and Pre-Ural used bottle-shaped threadings as squares, in the Saltov monuments they probably played the role of a certain magical amulet, they are the ends of leather laces attached to “horned” buckles. In the catacomb No. 153, a bronze threading was found, which has the shape of a slotted cylinder with expansion in the middle part. In size and shape, this product is vaguely reminiscent of a threading with one swelling from the Nevolin antiquities of the VIII - early IX centuries (type 5, subtype a, variants 2, 3, 4). According to materials discovered in catacomb No. 153, this threading dates from the end of VIII - the first quarter of the IX century. For carriers of Nevolin, Lomovatov, Polom, Bakhmut, Turbaslyn cultures, similar bulging threadings decorated cords hanging from the waist belt, and this threading probably belonged to the teenage girl’s necklace in the Alanian population of Verkhny Saltov.

Lutheranism and reformism in the socio-political life of Saxony in the second half of the 16th century: from the competition to the conflict

2021-04-09T11:30:27+00:00

The article considers the problem of relations between Lutherans and Calvinists in Saxony in the second half of the 16^th century. The formation of reformism in Germany and the attempts of its supporters to expand their influence are analyzed. It is shown that the spread of Calvinism in Saxony was associated with the emergence of a Philippist movement in Lutheranism. It was noted that there was fierce competition between the Philippists and the Gnesiolutherans, which led to numerous discussions among Lutherans. It is indicated that the policy of the territorial authority of Saxony in the second half of the XVI century went through several stages: from a neutral attitude to theological discussions to the defeat of Philippism under Augustus, from the support of reformism under Christian I to the liquidation of its influence under Sofia and Christian II. The conclusion about the constitution of the foundations of evangelical and reformist dogma in the second half of the 16^th century, which resulted in the emergence of orthodoxy, is made.

Re-reading Thietmar of Merseburg: lumbarum venereum and other sins of prince Vladimir

2021-08-06T11:43:25+00:00

The article is devoted to the interpretation of the messages of Thietmar of Merseburg about Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich. A source analysis of the information of the Saxon bishop about the shortcomings and sinful passions of the “king of Rus’” was carried out. Among the characters of the chronicle the image of Vladimir is not the only one, illuminated negatively, the anti-hero close to him is the Polish prince Boleslaw the Brave. The controversy about the circumstances of the marriage with Anna Porphyrogenita in the context of the accusations of the Saxon chronicler about the “insidious abduction” of the prince of the bride. The reasons for the anachronism allowed by the author of the chronicle are specified. The attention is focused on discussions about the lumbarum venereum as details of the princely toilet. The version about lumbarum as a phallic amulet or an element of erotic magic has been disproved. It is rather a bandage, which was intended to suppress the carnal passions in the context of Byzantine asceticism. The parallels to the testimony of Thietmar can be found in Byzantine and South Slavic hagiography, as well as in Western European and Islamic mystical literature. The wearing of items on the genitals was used both by the holy fools in the Byzantine and Slavic traditions, and by the dervishes qalandars in the Islamic world. The image of St. Francis of Assisi, who preached in one loincloth, is remarkable. However, in the case of the prince, the ligation (lumbare) was not designed for a provocative demonstration, illustrating the inner humility before God. Attention is drawn to the topos about the prince's generosity in the context of the traditions of the barbarian societies of the early Middle Ages. Generosity and gifts during the feast were among the most sought-after values of the ruler, both in the Scandinavian countries and in Eastern Europe.

Reading in memory of professor V. I. Kadyev, Kharkiv, June 26, 2019

2021-04-27T23:36:21+00:00

In June 2019, at the V.N.Karazin Kharkiv National University, traditional Scientific Readings in memory of Professor Vladimir Ivanovich Kadeev “LAUREA” took place. Specialists from Ukraine, Russia, Bulgaria and Poland, among whom there were many students and colleagues of V.I. Kadeev, devoted their reports to the studies of the history and archeology of the ancient, Byzantine and medieval eras.
At the section “Problems of Ancient and Medieval Archaeologists”, reports were made thematically close to the scientific interests of V. I. Kadeev. Some of them were devoted to the study of archaeological sites of the Northern Black Sea region: from Hellenism to Genoese colonies. A special group consisted of reports on the study of the Saltovo-Mayak culture.
The section “History of the Ancient State and Society” gathered experts studying various problems of the political and religious history of Ancient Greece of the classical and Hellenistic eras. Considerable attention was paid to the study of urgent problems in the history of Rome and the provinces of the Roman Empire.
The sessions of the “History of the Middle Ages and Byzantium” section were devoted to the development of the Byzantine state and society mainly in the Black Sea possessions of the empire. It is gratifying to note that among Ukrainian researchers, interest in the problems of the Western European Middle Ages has grown.
By the beginning of the conference, a collection of reports of the forum participants was published: LAUREA III. The Ancient World and the Middle Ages: Readings in memory of Professor Vladimir Ivanovich Kadeev. - Kharkov: NTMT, 2019. - 164 p."

Alexey Pavlovich Martemyanov (1956 - 2019)

2021-04-09T11:32:54+00:00

On May 4, 2019, the famous Russian historian, teacher and teacher Aleksey Pavlovich Martemyanov, whose life and scientific and pedagogical work is inextricably linked with the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, passed away. Fame and recognition in the scientific community, love and respect of students and colleagues came to Alexei Pavlovich during his years at the Department of the History of the Ancient World and the Middle Ages (1992 - 2019). PhD, Associate Professor A.P. Martemyanov left a deep mark and a serious scientific legacy in the study of the history of the Balkan provinces of the Roman Empire. A.P. Martemyanov is the author of more than 90 scientific, popular scientific and educational works published in respected publications of Ukraine, Russia, Bulgaria, Poland. His brilliant lectures on the courses “History of Ancient Greece and Rome”, “The cultural heritage of antiquity in the history of subsequent historical eras”, “Culture of the Ancient World” and many others will forever remain in the hearts and memories of his many students. The community of teachers and students of Kharkiv National University, the scientific community of Ukraine suffered a serious and difficult to replace loss.

Andrey Gennadievich Cherednichenko (1972-2019)

2021-04-09T11:34:43+00:00

In memory of Andrei Gennadyevich Cherednichenko. January 15, 2019 in the house of his parents in Koktebel, at the age of 46, Andrei Gennadevich Cherednichenko, Ph.D., historian, linguist, teacher and teacher, suddenly died.

In memory of Vitaly Tsymidanov

2021-04-09T11:36:28+00:00

The memorial article is dedicated to the memory of the outstanding archaeologist, researcher of cultures of the Late Bronze Age Vitaly Vladislavovich Tsymidanov. The main stages of life and scientific creativity are highlighted. The role of V.V. Tsimidanova in the study of monuments of the Donetsk.