Structural and Optical Prperties of (ZnO/NiO) Thin Films Mixture
Abstract
In this study, we prepared mixtures of nickel oxide (NiO) and zinc (ZnO) in different proportions as thin films on high-purity glass substrates, using pyrolysis spray technique. Where samples of mixtures were precipitated from two solutions of nickel nitrate (Ni(NO3)2 ·6H2O) and zinc acetate (C4 H6O4 Zn·2H2O) mixed in different proportions. Then the optical and structural properties of the prepared samples were studied. The transmittance decreases with the increase in the percentage of nickel oxide, which means that increasing the zinc oxide improves the transmittance in all the studied spectral fields. Samples with higher zinc oxide (ZnO) have two energy gaps. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface morphology of the films has a relatively homogeneous composition. Where it was observed that increasing the proportion of zinc oxide leads to the appearance of zinc oxide granules clearly.
Downloads
References
N.E. Duygulu, A.O. Kodolbas, and A. Ekerim, “Influence of r.f. power on structural properties of ZnO thin films,” Journal of Crystal Growth, 381, 51 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.07.008
Y. Wang, and Benli Chu, “Structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films on (111) CaF2 substrates grown by magnetron sputtering,” Superlattices and Microstructures, 44(1), 54 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2008.01.024
M.G. Tsoutsouva, C.N. Panagopoulos, D. Papadimitriou, I. Fasaki, and M. Kompitsas, “ZnO thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition,” Materials Science and Engineering: B, 175(6), 480 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2010.03.0591776
C.W. Hsu, T.C. Cheng, C.H. Yang, Y.L. Shen, J.S. Wu, and S.Y. Wu, “Effects of oxygen addition on physical properties of ZnO thin film grown by radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 509(5), 1774 (2011). https://doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.10.037
L. Ding, M. Boccard, G. Bugnon, M. Benkhaira, S. Nicolay, M. Despeisse, F. Meillaud, and C. Ballif, “Hightly transparent ZnO bilayers by LP-MOCVD as front electrodes for thin-film micromorph silicon solar cells,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 98, 331 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2011.11.033
H. Zhu, J. Hüpkes, E. Bunte, and S.M. Huang, “Study of ZnO:Al films for silicon thin film solar cells,” Applied Surface Science, 261(15), 268 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.07.159
R. Mariappan, V. Ponnuswamy, P. Suresh, N. Ashok, P. Jayamurugan, and A.C. Bose, “Study of ZnO:Al films for silicon thin film solar cells,” Superlattices and Microstructures, 71, 238 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2014.03.029
J.P. Atanas, R.A. Asmar, A. Khoury, and A. Foucaran, “Optical and structural characterization of ZnO thin films and fabrication of bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAW) for the realization of gas sensors by stacking ZnO thin layers fabricated by e-beam evaporation and RF magnetron sputtering techniques,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 127(1), 49 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2005.11.065
E. Fortunato, P. Barquinha, A. Pimentel, A. Gonçalves, A. Marques, L. Pereira, and R. Martins, “Recent advances in ZnO transparent thin film transistors,” Thin Solid Films, 487(1–2), 205 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.01.066
T. Minami, J.I. Oda, J.I. Nomoto, and T. Miyata, “Effect of target properties on transparent conducting impurity-dopedZnO thin films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering,” Thin Solid Films, 519(1), 385 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.007
R. Serhane, S. Abdelli-Messaci, S. Lafane, H. Khales, W. Aouimeur, A. Hassein-Bey, and T. Boutkedjirt, “pulsed laser deposition of piezoelectric ZnO thin films for bulk acoustic wave devices,” Applied Surface Science, 288, 572 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.10.075
S.Y. Lee, E.S. Shim, H.S. Kang, S.S. Pang, J.S. Kang, “Fabrication of ZnO thin film diode using laser annealing,” Thin Solid Films, 473(1), 31 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2004.06.194
R. Jayakrishnan, K. Mohanachandran, R. Sreekumar, C.S. Kartha, and K.P. Vijayakumar, “ZnO thin films with blue emission grown using chemical spray pyrolysis,” Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 16(2), 326 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2012.10.003
P. Jongnavakit, P. Amornpitoksuk, S. Suwanboon, and T. Ratana, “Surface and photocatalytic properties of ZnO thin film prepared by sol-gel method,” Thin Solid Films, 520(17), 5561 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2012.04.050
S.F. Hasim, M.A.A. Hamid, R. Shamsudin, and A. Jalar, “Synthesis and characterization of ZnO thin films by thermal evaporation,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 70(12), 1501 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2009.09.013
E. Fazio, A.M. Mezzasalma, G. Mondio, T. Serafino, F. Barreca, and F. Caridi, “Optical and structural properties of pulsed laser ablation”, Applied Surface Science, 257(6), 2298 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.09.092
L. Ai, G. Fang, L. Yuan, N. Liu, M.W. Wang, C. Li, Q. Zhang, J. Li, and X. Zhao,” Influence of substrate temperature onelectrical and optical properties of p-type semitransparent conductive nickel oxide thin films deposited by radiofrequency sputtering,” Applied Surface Science, 254(8), 2401(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.09.051
H.L. Chen, Y.M. Lu, and W.S. Hwang, “Characterization of sputtered NiO thin films,” Surface &Coating Technology, 198, 138 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.032
H.L. Chen, and Y.S. Yang, “Effect of crystallographic orientation on electricalproperties sputter-deposited nickel oxide thin films,” Thin solid Films, 516(16), 5590 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.07.03
Y. Lin, T. Xie, B. Cheng, B. Geng, and L. Zhang, “Ordered nickel oxide nanowire arrays and their optical absorptionproperties,” Chemical Physics Letters, 380, 521 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2003.09.066
B. Sasi, K. Gopchandran, P. Manoj, P. Koshy, P. Rao, and V.K. Vaidyan, “Preparation of transparent and semiconducting NiO films,” Vacuum, 68(8), 149 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(02)00299-3
J. Peng, Z. Xu, S. Wang, Q. Jie, and C. Chen, “Preparation and Performance of nickel oxide films by Ion beam sputtering deposition and oxidation annealing,” Sensors and Materials, 22(8), 409-416 (2010). https://doi.org/10.18494/SAM.2010.633
S.Z. Khan, Y. Yuan, A. Abdolvand, M. Schmidt, P. Crouse, L. Li, Z. Liu, et al., “Generation and characterization of NiO nanoparticles by continuous wave fiber laser ablation in liquid”, Journal Nanopart Research, 11, 1421 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9530-9
P.S. Patil, and L.D. Kadam, “Preparation and characterization of spray pyrolyzed nickel oxide (NiO) thin films,” Applied Surface Science, 199, 211 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00839-5
V. Patil, S. Pawar, M. Chougule, P. Godse, R. Sakhara, S. Sen, and P. Joshi, “Effect of annealing on structural, morphological, electrical and optical studies of nickel oxide thin films,” Journal of surface engineered Materials and Advanced technology, 1, 35 (2011). https://doi:10.4236/jsemat.2011.12006
J. Wang, P. Yang, X. Wei, and Z. Zhou, “Preparation of NiO two-dimensional grainy films and their high-performance gas sensors for ammonia detection,” Nanoscale Research Letters, 10(1), 1 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-015-0807-5
S. Ilican, Y. Caglar, M. Caglar, and F. Yakuphanoglu, “Electrical conductivity, optical and structural properties of indium-doped ZnO nanofiber thin film deposited by spray pyrolysis method,” Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, 35, 131 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2006.07.009
H.L. Chen, Y.M. Lu, and W.S. Hwang, “Effect of film thickness on structural and electrical properties of sputter-deposited nickleoxide films,” Materials Transactions, 46(4), 872-879 (2005). https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.46.872
Y. Aoun, B. Benhaoua, B. Gasmi, and S. Benramache, “Structural, optical and electrical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited by a spray pyrolysis technique,” Journal of Semiconductors, 36(1), 013002 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/36/1/013002
A.S. Riad, S.A. Mahmoud, and A.A. Ibrahim, “Structural and DC electrical investigations of ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique,” Physica B: Condensed Matter, 296(4), 319 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4526(00)00571-8
D.P. Padiyan, A. Marikani, and K.R. Murali, “Influence of thickness and substrate temperature on electrical and photoelectrical properties of vacuum-deposited CdSe thin films,” Materials Chemistry and Physics, 78(1), 51 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(02)00211-0
M. Mekhnache, A. Drici, L. Saad Hamideche, H. Benzarouk, A. Amara, L. Cattin, J.C. Bernède, and M. Guerioune, “Properties of ZnO thin films deposited on (glass, ITO and ZnO:Al) substrates,” Superlattices and Microstructures, 49)5), 510 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2011.02.002
S. Ilican, Y. Caglar, “Preparation and characterization of ZnO thin films deposited by sol-gel spin coating method,” J. of optoelectronics and advanced materials, 10(10), 2578-2583 (2008).
E. Avendaño, L. Berggren, G.A. Niklasson, C.G. Granqvist, and A. Azens, “Electrochromic materials and devices: brief survey and new data on optical absorption in tungsten oxide and nickel oxide films,” Thin Solid Films, 496, 30 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.08.183
A. Rahal, S. Benramache, and B. Benhaoua, “Substracte Temperature Effect onOptical property of ZnO Thin Films,” Engineering Journal, 18(2), 81 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.08.183
E.S. Tüzemen, S. Eker, H. Kavak, and R. Esen, “Dependence of film thickness on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 255(12), 6195 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.01.078
A.U. Mane, and S.A. Shivashankar, “MOCVD of cobalt oxide thin films: dependence of growth, microstructure, and optical properties on the source of oxidation,” J. Cryst. Growth, 254(3-4), 368 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(03)01156-4
Copyright (c) 2023 Ali Amiar, Okba Belahssen, Mebrouk Ghougali, Mourad Mimouni, Ghani Rihia, Mohammed Sadok Mahboub, Yamina Benkrima
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
