Territorial features of the potato market in Ukraine
Abstract
The growth of the world's population leads to the increase in poverty and hunger. In order to solve these problems, it is important to develop agriculture, especially in Ukraine, which has great potential due to favorable natural and geographical conditions. However, the military invasion of Russia made it difficult to export agricultural products, and the cultivation of potatoes became increasingly important for feeding the population.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the potato market in Ukraine as of February 22, 2022 and to determine the features, problems and prospects for the further development of this industry, especially in conditions of military aggression.
According to research results, the dynamics of the total yield of potatoes in Ukraine for the period 2000-2022 demonstrates a general unstable trend, the yield of potatoes has a slight tendency to increase, and the harvested areas of potatoes are decreasing. Almost 98% of potatoes are grown on private farms, and only about 2% are grown by enterprises.
While there is an overall upward trend in potato exports over the period 2000-2022, there is no clear trend in potato import trends. Ukraine ranks 47th in the world in terms of potato exports and 16th in terms of imports, due to high cost, outdated technologies, low quality varieties and lack of marketing. The largest export partners are the Republic of Belarus, Azerbaijan and the Republic of Moldova, and the importers of potatoes are Poland, the Republic of Belarus and Lithuania. In the structure of the balance of consumption of potatoes in Ukraine, almost 70% is produced (in the structure of income), and its realization (in the structure of consumption) is almost 60%. The low level of potato processing continues to be a problem in the country.
Potatoes are grown throughout Ukraine, with the highest percentage of potato cultivation in Polissia regions (Zhytomyr, Rivne, Kyiv regions), and the lowest in the steppe regions (Kherson, Odesa, Mykolaiv, Zaporizhia regions). A similar territorial distribution is characterized for potato consumption. To improve Ukraine's position in potato growing, it is necessary to introduce contemporary potato growing technologies and involve large agricultural holdings in production.
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References
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