Physical Mechanisms of Clear Air Turbulence
Abstract
Clear air turbulence (CAT) is a significant type of atmospheric turbulence that poses risks to aviation. Unlike other forms of turbulence, it occurs without substantial cloudiness, often under clear skies or with minimal cloud cover at the observation site. CAT can arise under various meteorological conditions, such as high atmospheric pressure, sunny weather, or in the presence of mountain ranges. Forecasting CAT is crucial for aviation safety, although its prediction is challenging due to its variability, sharp localization in the air flow, and variability in size and duration. Indirect signs can help predict CAT zones; however, direct observation is difficult, making it essential to develop forecasting methods and conduct research to ensure flight safety.
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