Neurodynamic compensatory mechanisms of visual impairment and biomechanical indicators of running in an elite athlete in the paralympic sprint

  • Danila Safronov PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-8670
  • Olena Chaika Honored Master of Sports in Athletics, Competitor, Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University
  • Igor Belozerov MD, Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-3220
  • S. V Kozin Student of G. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University
  • Zhanneta Kozina MD of Sc. FVIS, Professor, Head of the Department of the Olympic Professional Sports and Sports Association of the Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-4825
Keywords: sprint, paralympic, vision, adaptation, neurodynamics, biomechanics

Abstract

Introduction. The study of visual dysfunction compensatory mechanisms is of great importance both for the Paralympic athletes, as well as for people suffering from such dysfunctions, especially in cases when analyzer disorders occurred in adulthoodt, and natural adaptation mechanisms could not be included in the process of growth and development of the body. The aim: to identify potential compensatory mechanisms of visual impairment in an elite athlete in the Paralympic sprint based on an analysis of the biomechanical characteristics of running and neurodynamic indicators. Material and methods. A highly qualified athlete participated in the study, specializing in short-distance running and long jump among athletes with visual impairment (category T12). The individual characteristics of the psychophysiological state and the results in running for 60, 80,100, 120, 200 m were analyzed and the biomechanical characteristics of the run for 100 m were determined. In total, 36 series of measurements of each indicator were carried out for 5 months. Results. It is shown that the athlete being examined is an atypical sprinter from the point of view of the properties of the nervous system, development and maintenance of speed at a distance, some biomechanical characteristics of running. The subject athlete is a representative of a mobile and strong type of nervous system, which allows her to maintain a higher speed at a distance compared to other athletes for a longer time, which can be considered as a potential reserve. The role of the auditory analyzer at the time of the examination of the female athlete as a compensatory mechanism of visual dysfunction was not identified. The presence of a small irregularity in the change in the speed and acceleration of the movement of the ankle and knee joints, observed in some steps when lowering the limb after hip removal, was revealed. Conclusin. Revealed a high reliable relationship between the neurodynamic and biomechanical characteristics of the examined female athlete. Improving the biomechanics of running by focusing on the work of a kinestatic analyzer can give an increase in speed at a distance while maintaining it almost to the finish.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Danila Safronov, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

6, Svobody pl., Kharkov, Ukraine, 61022

Olena Chaika, Honored Master of Sports in Athletics, Competitor, Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University

77/79, Sumska vul., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Igor Belozerov, MD, Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

6, Svobody pl., Kharkov, Ukraine, 61022

S. V Kozin, Student of G. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University

29, Alchevskikh vul., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

Zhanneta Kozina, MD of Sc. FVIS, Professor, Head of the Department of the Olympic Professional Sports and Sports Association of the Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University

29, Alchevskikh vul., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

References

Kozina, Z. L., Chebanu, O. I., Prokopenko, I. F., Korobeynikov, G. V., Korobeynikova, L. G., Korobeinik, V. A., ... & Guba, A. V. (2018). The implementation of the concept of individualization in training elite Female athletes with visual impairment in the sprint. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2018; 18(1):282–292.

Alahmadi, A., Pardini, M., Cortese, R., Cawley, N., D'Angelo, E., Friston, K., … & Wheeler-Kingshott, C. A. M. (2016). Functional response to a complex visuo-motor task supports local compensatory mechanisms in Multiple Sclerosis. Proceedings from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 24.

Lexell, J., Fagher, K., Forsberg, A., Jacobsson, J., Dahlström, Ö., & Timpka, T. (2016). Paralympic Athletes’ Perceptions Of Their Experiences Of Sports-related Injuries: A Qualitative Study1861 Board# 13 June 2, 200 PM-330 PM. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(5S), 510.

Bednarczuk, G., Molik, B., Morgulec-Adamowicz, N., Kosmol, A., Wiszomirska, I., Rutkowska, I., & Perkowski, K. (2017). Static balance of visually impaired paralympic goalball players. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 12(5), 611-617.

Santos, C. D. N., Carvalho, T. L. D., Felício, L. R., Mainenti, M. R. M., & Vigário, P. D. S. (2018). Postural control in athletes with different degrees of visual impairment. Journal of Physical Education, 29.

Chaika, E. I., Kozina, Zh. L., Korobejnik, V. A., & Bazyljuk, T. A. (2018). Individual structure of psychophysiological functions in connection with competitive performance in the Paralympic sprint on the example of a high-skilled student with visual impairment. Health, sport, rehabilitation, 4(1), 96–107.

Kozina, Z., Chaika, O., Cretu, M., Korobeynikov, G., Repko, O., Sobko, I., ... & Trubchaninov, M. Psychophysiological factors of adaptation in elite Paralympic sprint runners with visual impairments–a case study. Physiotherapy Quarterly, 26(4), 23–32. doi: https://doi.org/10.5114/pq.2018.79743.

Znazen, H., Slimani, M., Miarka, B., Butovskaya, M., Siala, H., Messaoud, T., & Souissi, N. (2017). Mental skills comparison between elite sprint and endurance track and field runners according to their genetic polymorphism: a pilot study. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(9), 1217–1226.

Kozina, Z. L., & Chaika, O. I. (2018). Interconnection of psycho-physiological indicators and performance in running at 100 m at athletes of high qualification with visual impairment (for example an elite athlete). Health, sport, rehabilitation, 4(2), 73–86. doi: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1342472 [in Russian].

Korobeynikov, G. V., & Myshko, V. V. (2016). Connection of supreme nervous functioning’s neuro-dynamic characteristics with success of junior sportsmen in sports dances. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports, (4), 17–23.

Lyzohub, V., Nechyporenko, L., Pustovalov, V., & Suprunovych, V. (2016). Specialized training and bioenergy state of football players with different typological properties of the higher parts of the nervous system. Science and Education, (8), 107-+.

Korobeynikov, G., Mazmanian, K., Korobeynikova, L., & Jagiełło, W. (2010). Psychophysiological states and motivation in elite judokas. Archives of Budo, 6(3), 129-136.

Kozina, Z., Chebanu, O., Repko, O., Kozin, S., & Osiptsov, A. (2018). Influence of typological features of the nervous system on individual performance in running for short distances in athletes with visual impairment on the example of an elite athlete. Physical Activity Review, 6, 266–278. doi: 10.16926/par.2018.06.31.

Blecharz, J., & Siekanska, M. (2007). Temperament structure and ways of coping with stress among professional soccer and basketball players. Biology of Sport, 24(2), 143.

Ilin, E. P. (1974). Differential psychophysiology, its place and role in the study of the personality of athletes. Sportivnaya i vozrastnaya psihofiziologiya, (0), 1, 5–24 [in Russian].

Ilin, E. P. (1972). Sila The strength of the nervous system and the methods of its investigation. Psihofiziologicheskie osnovyi fizicheskogo vospitaniya i sporta, (0), 1, 5–12 [in Russian].

Chen, Y., Zhou, A. Q., Qian, G. R., & Gong, X. Q. (2012). Pre-competition Psychological Training of Middle School Athletes in Middle and Long Distance Race from the perspective of Temperament Type-Case study. In Proceedings of the Xi’an 2012 international Conference of Sport Science & Physical Education (Vol. 2, pp. 177–181).

Kozin, S. V. (2019). Biomechanical substantiation of the technique of hanging in rock climbing. Health, sport, rehabilitation, 5(1), 25–35. doi: 10.34142/HSR.2019.05.01.03.

Brazil, A., Exell, T., Wilson, C., Willwacher, S., Bezodis, I., & Irwin, G. (2017). Lower limb joint kinetics in the starting blocks and first stance in athletic sprinting. Journal of sports sciences, 35(16), 1629–1635.

Anokhin, P. K., & Shuleikina, K. V. (1977). System organization of alimentary behavior in the newborn and the developing cat. Developmental Psychobiology: The Journal of the International Society for Developmental Psychobiology, 10(5), 385–419.

Chaika, O. I. (2018). The role of psychophysiological indicators in the effectiveness of qualified sprinters with visual impairment (the example of an elite athlete). Health, sport, rehabilitation, 4 (3): 62–74 [in Russian].

Published
2019-06-13
How to Cite
Safronov, D., Chaika, O., Belozerov, I., Kozin, S. V., & Kozina, Z. (2019). Neurodynamic compensatory mechanisms of visual impairment and biomechanical indicators of running in an elite athlete in the paralympic sprint. The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Medicine", (37), 62-82. https://doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2019-37-08