Neurodynamic compensatory mechanisms of visual impairment and biomechanical indicators of running in an elite athlete in the paralympic sprint

doi:10.26565/2313-6693-2019-37-08

Danila Safronov PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-8670
Olena Chaika Honored Master of Sports in Athletics, Competitor, Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University
Igor Belozerov MD, Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-3220
S. V Kozin Student of G. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University
Zhanneta Kozina MD of Sc. FVIS, Professor, Head of the Department of the Olympic Professional Sports and Sports Association of the Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-4825

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2019-37-08

Keywords: sprint, paralympic, vision, adaptation, neurodynamics, biomechanics

Abstract

Introduction. The study of visual dysfunction compensatory mechanisms is of great importance both for the Paralympic athletes, as well as for people suffering from such dysfunctions, especially in cases when analyzer disorders occurred in adulthoodt, and natural adaptation mechanisms could not be included in the process of growth and development of the body. The aim: to identify potential compensatory mechanisms of visual impairment in an elite athlete in the Paralympic sprint based on an analysis of the biomechanical characteristics of running and neurodynamic indicators. Material and methods. A highly qualified athlete participated in the study, specializing in short-distance running and long jump among athletes with visual impairment (category T12). The individual characteristics of the psychophysiological state and the results in running for 60, 80,100, 120, 200 m were analyzed and the biomechanical characteristics of the run for 100 m were determined. In total, 36 series of measurements of each indicator were carried out for 5 months. Results. It is shown that the athlete being examined is an atypical sprinter from the point of view of the properties of the nervous system, development and maintenance of speed at a distance, some biomechanical characteristics of running. The subject athlete is a representative of a mobile and strong type of nervous system, which allows her to maintain a higher speed at a distance compared to other athletes for a longer time, which can be considered as a potential reserve. The role of the auditory analyzer at the time of the examination of the female athlete as a compensatory mechanism of visual dysfunction was not identified. The presence of a small irregularity in the change in the speed and acceleration of the movement of the ankle and knee joints, observed in some steps when lowering the limb after hip removal, was revealed. Conclusin. Revealed a high reliable relationship between the neurodynamic and biomechanical characteristics of the examined female athlete. Improving the biomechanics of running by focusing on the work of a kinestatic analyzer can give an increase in speed at a distance while maintaining it almost to the finish.

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Author Biographies

Danila Safronov, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

6, Svobody pl., Kharkov, Ukraine, 61022

Olena Chaika, Honored Master of Sports in Athletics, Competitor, Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University

77/79, Sumska vul., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Igor Belozerov, MD, Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

6, Svobody pl., Kharkov, Ukraine, 61022

S. V Kozin, Student of G. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University

29, Alchevskikh vul., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

Zhanneta Kozina, MD of Sc. FVIS, Professor, Head of the Department of the Olympic Professional Sports and Sports Association of the Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University

29, Alchevskikh vul., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

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