Procedure for handling allegations of research misconduct

The Journal handles allegations of misconduct with confidentiality, impartiality, and thoroughness, following COPE guidelines::

1. Receipt of Complaint
• Complaints may be submitted regarding suspected misconduct in submitted or published articles. Complaints should be detailed and evidence-based.
2. Preliminary Assessment
• The editorial office reviews the complaint to assess its validity and relevance.
3. Investigation
• The editor contacts the corresponding author(s) to provide an explanation, supporting evidence, and clarification.
• External experts or institutional authorities may be consulted as needed.
4. Resolution
• If misconduct is confirmed during review, the manuscript will be rejected.
• If misconduct is confirmed after publication, appropriate actions may include erratum, clarification, or retraction.
5. Non-Response or Unsatisfactory Explanation
• If authors do not respond or provide an inadequate explanation, the Journal may proceed with retraction or other corrective measures.
6. Notification and Conclusion

Complainants are informed of the outcome, and the case is considered closed once the resolution is implemented.