Cell adhesion: types, mechanisms, the role in functioning of living systems
Keywords:
cell adhesion molecules, cell-matrix adhesion, cell-cell adhesion, non-specific and specific adhesionAbstract
Current understanding of cell adhesion, its molecular mechanisms and significance are being considered.
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) (integrins, cadherins, selectins, mucin, immunoglobulin superfamily)
and its role in tissue formation, development of tumoral processes, immune and inflammatory reactions
were described. There are two types of adhesion: cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesions. Receptors of most
families CAMs involve in the adhesion at both types of interactions. According to most researchers,
adhesion occurs in two stages. The first (non-specific) stage is made by physico-chemical factors. The
specific interaction between adhesives and cell or matrix receptor at the molecular level occurs at the
second adhesion stage. Complexes formed by cell adhesion receptors are not static, but are dynamic units
capable of obtaining and incorporating extracellular environmental signals, and are indeed the foundation
of two-way signaling between the cell and its environment. Adhesive properties are critical for start and
maintaince of three-dimensional structure and normal tissue function.
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