HEPATORENAL SYNDROME IN PRACTICE OF FAMILY MEDICINE DOCTOR (the criteria of diagnostics and treatment)
Keywords:
hepatorenal syndrome, liver failure, liver transplantation
Abstract
The term «hepatorenal syndrome» (HRS) means a functional kidney pathology which manifests by oliguria, is potentially reversible and is developing in the condition of severe desease of liver, accompanied by liver failure and when there is no other reason for affection of kidneys. The main pathophysiologic mechanisms of HRS developing are: reversible kidney vasoconstriction and soft systemic vasodilation. Depending on the severity of the clinical manifestation and the prognosis of the disease there are two types of the HRS. The Ist type of HRS is an acute and rapidly developing; the IInd type of HRS is characterized by gradual (during several months) decreasing of kidneys’ function and increasing of blood creatinine level from 1,5 to 2,5 mg/dL. Conservative treatment includes entering of massive doses of albumin and vasoconstrictors (e.g. terlipressin). But only a liver transplantation can help to attain a considerable extention of life of patients with HRS.
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References
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2. Angeli V. Review article: prognosis of hepatorenal syndrome – has it changed with current practice? // Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007. - 20 (Suppl. 3): 44–6.
3. Arroyo V, Gines P, Gerbes AL et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis // Hepatology 2006 - 23: 164–7.
4. Arroyo V. Review article: hepatorenal syndrome – how to assess response to treatment and nonpharmacological therapy // Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 20 (Suppl. 3): 49–54.
5. Arroyo V, Terra C, Gines P. New treatments of hepatorenal syndrome //Semin Liver Dis 2006;26:254–264.
6. Akriviadis E, Botla R, Briggs W et al. Pentoxifylline improves short-term survival in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2006; 119: 1637–48.
7. Angeli V. Review article: prognosis of hepatorenal syndrome – has it changed with current practice? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20 (Suppl. 3): 44–6.
8. Bataller R, North K, Brenner D. Genetic polymorphisms and the progression of liver fibrosis: a critical appraisal. Hepatol 2008;37(3):493–503.
9. Crabb DW, Matsumoto M, Chang D, et al. Overview of the role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and their variants in the genesis of alcohol–related pathology. Proc Nutr Soc 2004;63(1):49–63.
10. Cиrdenas A. Hepatorenal Syndrome: A Dreaded Complication of End-Stage Liver Disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 460–7.
11. Day C. Alcoholic liver diseases. Ceska a slovenska gastroenterol. Hepatol 2006;60(1):67–70.
12. Dagher L, Moore K. The hepatorenal syndrome. Gut 2007; 49: 729–37.
13. Gines P, Guevara M, Arroyo V, Rod_s J. Hepatorenal syndrome. Lancet 2005; 362: 1819–27.
14. Gines P, Torre A, Terra C, Guevara M. Review article: pharmacological treatment of hepatorenal syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20 (Suppl. 3): 57–62.
15. Kuntz E, Kuntz H–D. Hepatology: Principles and Practice. Springer–Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg 2007;825.
16. Lebrec D. Review article: future indications for terlipressin therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 20 (Suppl. 3): 65–7.
17. Moreau R, Lebrec D. Review article: hepatorenal syndrome – definitions and diagnosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 20 (Suppl. 3): 24–8.
18. Mшller S, Henriksen JH. Review article: pathogenesis and pathophysiology of hepatorenal syndrome – is there scope for prevention? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 20 (Suppl. 3): 31–41.
19. Naveau S, Chollet–Martin S, Dharancy P, et al. A double–blind randomized controlled trial of ifliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatol 2006;39:1390–97.
20. Novelli G, Rossi M, Pretagostini R, Poli L, Peritore D, Berloco P, Di Nicuolo A, Iappelli M, Cortesini R. Use of MARS in the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure: Preliminar Monocentric ExperienceTransplanta-tion Proceedings, 33, 1942-1944 (2008).
21. Ruiz–del–Arbol L, Monescillo A, Arocena C, Valer P, Gines P, Moreira V, Milicua JM, Jimenez W, Arroyo V. Circulatory function and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005;42:439–447.
22. Sanyal Arun J. Hepatorenal syndrome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 17: S248–52.
23. Solanki P, Chawla A, Garg R et al. Beneficial effects of terlipressin in hepatorenal syndrome: A prospective, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 18: 152–6.
24. Stickl F, Osterreicher C. The role of genetic polymorphisms in alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol and Alcoholism 2006;41(3):209–22.
25. Tilg H, Jalan R, Kaser A, et al. Anti–tumor necrosis factor–alpha monoclonal antibody therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatol 2008;38: 419–25.
26. Zima T. Metabolism and toxic effects of ethanol. Ceska a slovenska gastroenterol. Hepatol 2006;60(1):61–62.
27. Yeung E, Yong E, Wong F. Renal dysfunction in cirrhosis: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
How to Cite
Savchenko, V. N., Nikolenko, Y. J., Sokruto, O., & Vovk, K. (1). HEPATORENAL SYNDROME IN PRACTICE OF FAMILY MEDICINE DOCTOR (the criteria of diagnostics and treatment). The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Medicine", (17), 63-72. Retrieved from https://periodicals.karazin.ua/medicine/article/view/6971
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