Cartographic modelling of agroecosystems’ ecological state

Abstract

The results of the agrarian and landscape ecosystem conditions have been highlighted in the article. According to them a state enterprise territory of the educational experimental farm "Dokuchayevs'ke" around a private enterprise "Pererabatyvayuschyy plant" and the data on the accumulation and distribution of a number of heavy metals mobile forms on the lands of agricultural destination have been studied. It has been proved that the most dangerous for human and animal health pollutants of natural environment are heavy metals. They do not decompose in the surroundings, but they accumulate in the tissues of living organisms. Getting into the plants, heavy metals can influence negatively on the metabolism processes. That finally leads to the decreasing yields and threatening to pollute the food chain.

Deterioration of the soil quality, reducing its biological value, self cleaning ability causes a chain reaction. This reaction can lead to a variety of health disorders among the population. In case of prolonged harmful effects water quality depends on the soil conditions and it always reflects the biological condition of the given soil. This especially applies to the ground waters because their biological value is essentially determined by the properties of soil, the ability to self cleaning, its filtration capacity, the composition of its microflora, microfauna, etc.

During investigations it was stated that the accumulation of harmful substances occur in the areas with a low relief of the territory as well as on a short distance from the nearest road. Thus, mathematical models of heavy metals in the soils have been made on the basis of these results.

Nowadays, the experience of both cartographic and geoinformation modelling of natural environment is promising in Ukraine. New methods and developments in this field could significantly simplify and open up new horizons in the solution of agrosystems’ pollution problems.