THE ROLE OF INTEGRAL QUALITY CRITERIA IN THE ASSESSMENT OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR COMPLEX ENERGY FACILITIES
Abstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/2079-1747-2025-36-05
The article examines the specific features of applying integral quality criteria to evaluate automatic control processes in energy systems. These complex technical systems are characterized by increased requirements for accuracy, stability, and energy efficiency, where the quality indicators of transient processes directly affect the reliability of equipment operation and the efficiency of technological processes. Traditional assessment methods based on solving differential equations or conducting a detailed analysis of transient characteristics are labor-intensive and insufficiently suitable for rapid diagnostics, which highlights the relevance of using integral criteria as simpler and more universal indicators. The study provides a systematic analysis of the most widespread integral criteria, including linear, quadratic, and generalized ones, and determines their applicability for evaluating different types of transient processes. The linear criterion is considered the simplest tool for rapid estimation of oscillation damping; however, its limitations in cases involving sign-changing control error and oscillatory dynamics are emphasized. The quadratic criterion eliminates this drawback and allows one to assess the energy component of deviations, making it effective for optimizing automatic control systems and comparing their economic efficiency. Generalized integral criteria based on quadratic forms of the state, which are widely used in optimal control tasks, are also examined. It is demonstrated that minimizing integral criteria does not always guarantee the achievement of the desired transient response, particularly regarding the degree of oscillation and steady-state behavior. Therefore, the study substantiates the feasibility of combining them with additional quality indicators, which prevents incorrect assessments and ensures a comprehensive approach to the analysis of automatic control system performance. The obtained results confirm the high practical value of integral criteria as a tool for fast and informative monitoring of control quality in energy and industrial systems.
Downloads
References
Sahib, MA & Ahmed, BS 2015, ‘A new multi-objective performance criterion used in PID tuning optimization algorithms’, Journal of Advanced Research, no 115, Pp. 1-4. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2015.03.004
Özdemir, MT & Öztürk, D 2017, ‘Comparative performance analysis of optimal PID parameters tuning based on the optics inspired optimization methods for automatic generation control’, Energies, no 10(12), article 2134. DOI : https://doi.org/10.3390/en10122134
Veronesi, М & Antonio Visioli, А 2015, ‘Deterministic Performance Assessment and Retuning of Industrial Controllers Based on Routine Operating Data: Applications’, Processes, no 3(1), Pp. 113-137. DOI : https://doi.org/10.3390/pr3010113
Pathak, N, Bhatti, T & Verma, A 2016, ‘New performance indices for the optimization of controller gains of automatic generation control of an interconnected thermal power system’, Sustainable Energy Grids and Networks. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segan.2016.11.003
Seborg, D, Edgar, T & Mellichamp, D 2016, ‘Process dynamics and control’, in Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., viewed <https://elmoukrie.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/process-dynamics-and-control-dale-e.-seborg-thomas-f.-edgar-etc.-z-lib.org_.pdf>
Das, S, Pan, I & Gupta, A 2012, ‘A novel fractional order fuzzy PID controller and its optimal time domain tuning based on integral performance indices’, Engineering applications of Artificial Intelligence. DOI: 10.1016/j.engappai.2011.10.004
Zhao, Ch & Guo, L 2020, ‘Control of Nonlinear Uncertain Systems by Extended PID’, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2020.3030876
Sheng, YuLiХ 2021, ‘Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller Performance Assessment and Retuning Based on General Process Response Data’, ACS Omega, no 6(15), 10207–10223. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00523
Popovych, MH & Kovalchuk, OV 2007, Teoriia avtomatychnoho keruvannia [Automatic control theory ], Lybid. Kyiv.
Shtifzon, OY, Novikov, PV & Bun, VP 2020, Teoriia avtomatychnoho upravlinnia [Automatic control theory ], Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. Kyiv.
