Foreign experience in forming state policy in the social sphere

Abstract

Problems in the activities of the management bodies of the territorial divisions of the state civil protection system were identified. It was proposed to adopt additional systemic measures invested in preventing disasters in the regions and reducing losses from them. It is necessary to continue work on developing a disaster risk reduction system taking into account the specifics of the regions.
Systemic measures were proposed. 1. Within the framework of the implementation of the state policy of Ukraine, it is necessary to continue the introduction of modern technologies for forecasting and preventing disasters. 2. To carry out additional measures to modernize anti-crisis management centers and carry out organizational measures to form integrated management in crisis situations.
At the same time, in order to increase the effectiveness of the decisions taken, methodological recommendations were proposed to the executive authorities of the regions on implementing additional measures in the field of safety of life of the population: to organize regional supervision, accounting and ensure the safety of hydraulic and other engineering structures for the protection of the population, regardless of departmental affiliation; introduce bans on timber harvesting and other economic activities in territories with a current state of emergency and a special fire prevention regime caused by natural fires; grant the heads of regional and local commissions on technogenic and environmental safety and emergencies the right to use all the forces and means of a unified state system for the prevention and elimination of emergencies located in the region; increase the efficiency of the three-level anti-crisis management system using a modern digital platform; introduce the practice of comprehensive use of all modern means of telecommunications and communications, mass media, and social networks to provide information about dangers and means of protection to the population.
3. Take measures to improve the quality and reduce the time for providing assistance to people affected by crisis situations. It is advisable to make changes to the organizational and methodological documents on the implementation of compensation payments to the population that are necessary to improve the mechanism for providing assistance to citizens and control over the activities of relevant local authorities.
Currently, the above-mentioned regulatory legal documents are being revised, and new approaches to assisting victims in disaster zones are being developed. The adoption of the necessary regulatory legal documents will simplify the procedures and terms of providing financial assistance to victims in disaster zones. Reserves of financial and material resources should be created in advance in order to urgently attract the necessary funds in case of emergencies, fires and other disasters.
It is necessary to simplify the procedures for preparing supporting documents for paying for state housing certificates, repairing and restoring housing, recognizing citizens as victims, supporting small and medium-sized businesses, private entrepreneurs and self-employed people who find themselves in disaster zones. All of the above will allow to increase the level of insurance protection of life, health and property of the population in the event of probable natural and man-made disasters, significantly reduce the costs of budgets of all levels for the prevention and elimination of probable disasters.
Other forms and methods of economic support for measures in the field of population safety, prevention and elimination of crisis situations are also used. However, they are applied on a limited scale and do not take into account the peculiarities of the current stage of economic development of Ukraine. The requirement of the time is the effective implementation of the state programs adopted by the Government of Ukraine in the field of protecting the population and territories from crisis situations. Within the framework of the programs, the state and regions should regulate and stimulate measures for the development of the system of economic security of the population in the future, develop and implement long-term measures to increase its efficiency, taking into account work experience.