Main directions for improving public emergency management in Ukraine.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the justification of priority areas for improving the domestic public administration system in the field of civil protection and emergency response in the context of full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. Based on the analysis of more than a year of experience in the functioning of state authorities and local self-government bodies in martial law, a number of problematic aspects of an institutional, organizational, material and technical and communication nature have been identified, which reduce the effectiveness of anti-crisis management in the public sphere. In particular, attention is focused on the incompleteness of the formation of a single nationwide civil protection system, insufficient interagency coordination of actions, excessive centralization of powers and resources, the absence of clear protocols for information interaction, and outdated technical equipment of situational centers and emergency headquarters. It is shown that the existing shortcomings of public administration, which were not critical in peacetime, in wartime significantly affect the state’s ability to adequately respond to the sharp increase in military threats and the exponential increase in the number and scale of crisis phenomena. The author proposes a set of practical measures to strengthen the institutional capacity and resilience of public authorities to hybrid aggression in both the short and long term.
The need to make changes and additions to the current regulatory framework on civil protection and national security is substantiated in order to regulate the specifics of the functioning of all components of the security sector in martial law. Ways to optimize interagency interaction, the distribution of tasks and resources between the central, regional and local levels of government are identified. Attention is focused on the urgency of building a network of situational centers and crisis headquarters equipped with modern means of communication, information processing, modeling and visualization. The need to implement the latest digital technologies of artificial intelligence and work with big data for timely forecasting of threats and risks, planning of civil protection measures is emphasized. The issue of modernization of the system of training of managerial personnel in the field of national security and defense is separately considered with an emphasis on the development of crisis management and stress resistance competencies. The features of organizing effective communication of authorities with society in the conditions of the spread of destructive information influences and attempts to destabilize the situation by the aggressor are revealed. The importance of further building a culture of security and resilience at the level of both state institutions and local communities is emphasized, which should become part of a comprehensive strategy for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.