Неврологічні ускладнення у пацієнтів з COVID-19
Анотація
В статті представлено аналіз літературних даних, а також власні дослідження щодо неврологічних ускладнень у пацієнтів з COVID-19. Вірус SARS-CoV-2 (далі - COVID-19) пошкоджує дихальні шляхи та легені, призводить до розвитку не тільки гострої серцевої, ниркової, поліорганної недостатності, але і супроводжується симптомами ураження нервової системи. Найбільш поширеними та тяжкими серед неврологічних ускладнень COVID-19 є цереброваскулярні захворювання, гостра некротична енцефалопатія, енцефаліти, енцефаломієліти, гіпоксичні енцефалопатії, синдром Гієна-Барре. Проведенні дослідження показали, що у пацієнтів з COVID-19 ризик розвитку мозкового інсульту складає в середньому 5-8%. Внаслідок інфекції можуть виникати всі підтипи мозкового інсульту. Представлено рекомендації по веденню хворих на мозковий інсульт (МІ) з COVID-19. Ураження периферичної нервової системи проявляються у вигляді гіпосмії, аносмії, синдрому Гієна-Барре. Встановлено зв’язок між тяжкістю перебігу вірусної інфекції та частотою і вираженістю неврологічних порушень. Представлено результати власних досліджень 42 пацієнтів у постковідному періоді. Показано, що у 95,2 % пацієнтів виявлені нейрокогнітивні порушення різного ступеня тяжкості, астенічний синдром (підвищена стомлюваність за шкалою MF1-20 13,0 балів), порушення сну, запаморочення, вестибулярні розлади, цефалгічний синдром, гіпосмія у 19 % пацієнтів. Також обстежені мали тривожно-депресивні розлади за даними шкали HADS. У частини пацієнтів були зареєстровані ішемічний інсульт та транзиторні ішемічні атаки (ТІА). Патогенетично обгрунтована доцільність застосування лікарських засобів, які впливають на функцію ендотелію.
Завантаження
Посилання
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