Clinical peculiarities of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with food allergy
Abstract
Introduction. Pediatric allergy problems are widely spread among children of almost all age groups. Number of cases with combined allergic a digestive disorders increases and study of gastrointestinal lesions in children with allergies became an urgent medical and social problem. It is based on the increasing frequency of both allergy and pathology of the digestive system, increasing severity of cases and necessity to analyze type of gastrointestinal disorder in children with allergy and correlation among it. Objective. To study the clinical features of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with food allergies. Materials and methods. 169 pediatric patients 3–17 years old were examined. The main group was of 105 children with food allergies, the control group – 64 children without allergies. Verification of food allergy and pathology of the digestive system was carried out in accordance with the current protocols. All patients had skin prick tests, provocative test, determination of specific IgE. All patients were divided into 3 groups by age: 1st – 3–6 years old, 2nd – 7–11 years old, 3rd – 12–17 years old. The results were processed by the methods of variation statistics. Results. Gastrointestinal manifestations were observed in children of all age groups (59 %, 65 %, 74 %). Skin manifestations predominated in the 1st and the 3rd group. Respiratory symptoms – in groups 2 and 3. A combination (more often of skin and gastrointestinal) manifestations was found in group 3. Pain syndrome in children of the main group was characterized by moderate intensity (55.2 %), more often not associated with food intake (45.7 %), localized in the umbilical region (58 %), less often in the epigastrium (23.4 %), in 15 % there was no pain. Dyspeptic syndrome was manifested by nausea (36.2 %), decreased appetite (25.7 %) and belching (17.1 %). Dyspeptic syndrome was absent in 34.3 % of patients. The manifestations of asthenovegetative syndrome were noted in 38.1 % of children in the main group. The correlation between the type of allergen and the reason of gastrointestinal symptoms has not been identified. Conclusions. A variety of clinical manifestations of food allergy has been proven in the form of skin, gastrointestinal, respiratory symptoms and their combination. Gastrointestinal symptoms indicate the presence of functional disorders of the digestive tract. With age, the variety of food allergens increases, without qualitatively affecting the nature of gastrointestinal symptoms.
Downloads
References
Munblit DB, Korsunskiy IA, Kolotilina АI, Pampura АN. Sindrom enterokolita, indutsirovannogo pishevymi belkami. Pediatriya. 2017; 96 (6): 150–156.
Bubyr LM. Epidemiologichno – etiologichni aspekty xarchovoyi alergiyi. Aktualni problemy suchasnoyi medycyny: Visnyk Ukrayinskoyi medychnoyi stomatologichnoyi akademiyi. 2018; 18, № 3 (63): 289–294.
Chernysh YuR, Oxotnikova OM. Klinichni proyavy gastrointestynalnoyi formy xarchovoyi alergiyi u ditej i pidxody do yiyi diagnostyky. Zdorove rebenka. 2017; 12 (5): 611–622. https://doi.org/10.22141/2224-0551.12.5.2017.109280
Renz H, et al. Food allergy. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4:17098. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.98
Shaker M, Murray RGP, Mann JA. The ins and outs of an ‘outside-in’ view of allergies: atopic dermatitis and allergy prevention. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2018; 30 (4): 576–581.
https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000646
Hill DA, Grundmeier RW, Ramos M, Spergel JM. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a late manifestation of the allergic march. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018; 6 (5): 1528–1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2018.05.010
Martin LJ, et al. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) genetic susceptibility is mediated by synergistic interactions between EoE-specific and general atopic disease loci. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018; 141 (5): 1690–1698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.09.046.
Jensen ET, Kuhl JT, Martin LJ, Langefeld CD, Dellon ES, Rothenberg ME. Early-life environmental exposures interact with genetic susceptibility variants in pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018; 141 (2): 632–637.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.07.010
Sicherer SH, Sampson HA. Food allergy: a review and update on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018; 141 (1): 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.003
Schuyler AJ, et al. Specific IgG4 antibodies to cow’s milk proteins in pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018; 142 (1): 139–148. e12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2018.02.049
O’Shea KM, et al. Pathophysiology of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2018; 154 (2): 333–345. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.06.065
The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, series Medicine has following copyright terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work, with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
