Spatial distribution of climatic indexes on the territory of forest-steppe and steppe of the left-bank Ukraine

Abstract

The features of average monthly air temperature distribution, monthly rainfall and the ground atmospheric pressure on the left-bank Ukraine during a year have been examined in the article. With the help of cluster analysis regularities of spatial changes in basic climatic indexes during a year for the period from 1951 to 2000 have been determined. North Atlantic influence on climatic characteristics of the studied territory has also been investigated. By means of statistical analysis the changes in temperature condition are specified on the territory of Kharkiv region for the period from 2001 to 2014. By means of cluster and component analyses climatic fields of average monthly air temperature values, monthly rainfalls and atmospheric pressure have been studied at 38 stations for the year in the second half of the last century. The cluster analysis is an heuristic algorithm based on the Euclidean distances determined with predetermined threshold values. Further study of the climate of Ukraine, as a component of the global climate, will identify features and rate of change of meteorological parameters. Cluster analysis characterizes the same type of districts on temperature conditions, moisture regime and atmospheric pressure within the limits of forest-steppe and steppe of the left-bank Ukraine. In autumn there is leveling of the climatic field of atmospheric pressure: northern district embraces almost all the territory of forest-steppe and steppe, displacing the southern to the coast of the Azov sea. Within the limits of Luhansk and Donetsk regions the south-eastern district recommences. Analysis of the average monthly values of air temperature on the presented territory have shown two main districts in an autumn-winter period: northern and southern, the border between them passes on the line of the north-west of Luhansk region, the north of Donetsk and the south of Dnipropetrovsk regions. It takes place near the barometric axis of Voyeikow, which is defined by atmospheric circulation. In a spring-summer period when the main value has the feature of laying surface, in forest-steppe and steppe of the left-bank Ukraine a local district is formed on the territory of the Azov-Donetsk ridge.