ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY OF HEAT AND MASS EXCHANGE EQUOPMENT AT POWER PLANTS FOR IMPROVING THEIR PERFORMANCE QUALITY

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/2079-1747-2025-35-02

Energy efficiency and reliable operation are fundamental factors shaping the modern energy sector under the paradigm of sustainable development. Heat and mass exchange equipment constitutes a critical component in the functioning of thermal and nuclear power plants (TPP and NPP), enabling efficient thermal transfer and optimizing the use of available energy resources. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the energy efficiency and operational reliability of heat and mass exchange devices used in turbine units, focusing on improving the performance and capacity of low-potential complex condensing power units. Through statistical analysis and expert evaluation methods, key reliability indicators of heat exchange equipment in turbine installations were examined. The study highlights the predominance of condensers as essential components in low-potential complexes and investigates common defects affecting their operation, including corrosion, erosion, mechanical wear, and sealing failures. The research applies finite element analysis and automated engineering design techniques to assess the stress-strain states of condenser structures, pinpointing critical zones prone to mechanical failure. Additionally, temperature distribution within the condenser under stationary operating conditions is modeled to optimize thermal performance. The findings underline the significant impact of material degradation and mechanical stresses on the durability and efficiency of heat exchange apparatuses. Consequently, the article offers targeted recommendations for the enhancement of heat and mass exchange equipment. These include the adoption of advanced corrosion-resistant and high-strength materials such as titanium alloys and composites, implementation of automated monitoring and diagnostic systems for real-time condition assessment, and refinement of condenser designs to improve thermal-hydraulic performance and minimize energy losses. The proposed measures aim to elevate the operational reliability, extend the service life, and increase the energy efficiency of power plant heat exchange systems, contributing to reduced operational costs and environmental impact. This work supports the advancement of energy technologies aligned with global trends toward sustainable and efficient power generation.

In cites: H.I. Kanuk, T.M. Fursova, А.U.Mezeria, D.O.Chyrochkin, O.M. Epik, D.O.Shvorak (2025). Analysis
of energy efficiency and operational reliability of heat and mass exchange equopment at power plants for
improving their performance quality. Engineering, (35), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.26565/2079-1747-2025-35-02