Ensuring the accuracy of machining coordinated holes in systems without the direction of the cutting tool

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32820/2079-1747-2020-25-99-106

The article investigates one of the current tasks of mechanical engineering, which is further development and improvement of new technological methods of processing workpieces of machine parts, usage of new structural materials and improvement of the quality of processing of machine parts. It can be concluded that the difficulties of processing holes increase along with the increase in their depth. Here, the correct selection of the cutting tool, equipment, cutting modes, use of lubricating and cooling liquid come to the fore. It was substantiated that the relevance lies in the fact that with the comprehensive development of mechanical engineering, the organization of new industries for the production of machinery and equipment for various technological purposes, the range of parts with deep holes is expanding rapidly. Most machine parts are made by cutting. Rolled castings, forgings, stamping, etc. serve as workpieces for such parts. The process of processing parts by cutting is based on the formation of new surfaces by deformation and subsequent separation of the surface layers of the material with the formation of chips. After removing the allowance on metalcutting machines, the workpiece acquires the shape and dimensions corresponding to the technical drawing of the part. It was found that to reduce the complexity and cost of manufacturing parts, as well as to save metal, the size of the allowance should be minimal, but at the same time sufficient to obtain good quality parts and with the required surface roughness. Various mechanical methods of metal separation have been widely used in the industry, first of all cutting with hacksaw blades, band saws, cutters, etc. Machining of workpiece surfaces is one of the main final stages of machine parts manufacturing. As a result of the performed experimental research, empirical dependences for calculation of practical fields of scattering of the coordinated sizes at processing without the direction of the cutting tool were deduced.