Римська військова присутність, гарнізон Херсонеса та особливості міжнародно-правового статусу міста в IV-V ст.

Анотація

Summary

K. Kolesnykov. Roman Military Presence, Garrison of Chersoneses and Peculiarities of International Legal Status of the City in 300–500 AD.

The article is devoted to research the problem of international legal status of last antique Chersoneses, peculiarities of its military organization and presence in the city of Roman regular troops. This work is founded on the analysis of early medieval narrative sources and Chersoneses’ building inscriptions dating from IV—V centuries A. D. as epigraphic sources that allow you to reconstruct the customs and tax services of the Chersonesus Tauricus (Cherson) in the Late Antique period, as well as the study of the historiographical debate 1990–2000s A. D. around the genesis, nature and sta tus of the Late Chersonesus garrison. The author considers the conceptions of Ukrainian historian V. M. Zubar and French researcher K. Zukerman. First wrote that the garrison Chersonese IV—V centuries was the host of the local people, armed ballistae and paid for by the Roman awards. Second is proved that the garrison Chersonese, armed ballistae, known from epigraphic and narrative sources of Late Antique period, consisted of the soldiers of the Roman troops.

Key words: Rome, Chersoneses, military presence, garrison, ballistariorum, legion, eleutheria, atheleia.