Трудова експлуатація трудових мігрантів: за результатами емпіричного дослідження литовських мігрантів
Ключові слова:
експлуатація праці, примусова праця, торгівля людьми з метою примусової праці, литовські мігранти, Європейський Союз
Анотація
У статті на основі емпіричного дослідження литовських трудових мігрантів аналізується проблема трудової експлуатації громадян Литви, які працюють в інших країнах Європейського Союзу (ЄС). Підкреслюється, що експлуатація праці є надзвичайно обмеженим явищем в Європейському Союзі, і феномен трудової експлуатації європейських громадян, що працюють в інших країнах ЄС. Автором досліджуються правові норми експлуатації праці, примусової праці та торгівлі людьми з метою примусової праці. Розглядаються конкретні ситуації експлуатації праці литовських трудящих-мігрантів, що зафіксовані в ході дослідження. Доводиться, що міграція є ключовим фактором для трудової експлуатації, а мігранти – найбільш вразливою соціальною групою. При цьому експлуатація праці розуміється автором як континуум, який включає в себе різні форми експлуатації, зокрема «легкі» та «важкі». За даними дослідження, проведеного автором, практики трудової експлуатації литовських трудящих-мігрантів за кордоном найчастіше включають так звані «легкі» форми експлуатації: неповну виплату узгодженої зарплати; відсутність плати за понаднормову роботу; випробувальний термін, за якої заробітна плата не виплачується, або виплачується лише невелика частина; не укладається договір, і працівник працює нелегально, без соціальних гарантій тощо. У крайніх випадках «жорстокої» експлуатації, які трапляються рідко, експлуатація праці включає в себе фізичний і психічний примус; шахрайство і обман; обмеження пересування; примусову працю без оплати; принизливі і нелюдські умови життя і роботи; соціальну ізоляцію; відсутність їжі і сну.
Завантаження
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Посилання
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Опубліковано
2016-10-24
Як цитувати
Janušauskienė, D. (2016). Трудова експлуатація трудових мігрантів: за результатами емпіричного дослідження литовських мігрантів. Вісник ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна. Серія «Соціологічні дослідження сучасного суспільства: методологія, теорія, методи», 36, 82-91. вилучено із https://periodicals.karazin.ua/ssms/article/view/6541
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Розділ
Емпіричні дослідження сучасного суспільства
