On the Evolution of Republican Democracy

Abstract

The paper is devoted to the process of penetration of democratic ideas and principles of state building in Europe, that is considered using examples from the past. Various forms of democracy are presented in the composition of the aristocratic, bourgeois estates, as well as all citizens, and the stability of such democracies is considered. The reasons for the emergence of democracies, as well as the mechanisms of their destruction are discussed. Also, the paper discusses the principles of the state structure of modern developed democracies and countries of the developing world - imperfect democracies, where republican institutions to a greater extent imitate their democratic counterparts. Based on statistical data, assumptions about the nature of changes in the social structure of such states in the direction of their greater democratization are presented. To analyze the trends in the social development of countries, a fifteen-year period of crisis-free development of the world economy at the beginning of the 21st century was chosen. It is noted that in a number of imperfect democracies two economies are being formed, a modern one, where the owners of assets are oligarchs, and an archaic one, where the bulk of the poor are employed. In the final part of the work the nature of the destruction of oligarchic rule is considered. In particular, these are the processes of expansion of the modern innovative economy into marginal geographical areas and industries of countries. The growth in the capitalization of assets, the increase in the number and wealth of their owners and top managers leads to increased competition and to the suppression of the influence of individual oligarchic clans. New groups of the low-income population are being drawn into production. The number and wealth of the middle class is growing. Increases his ability to participate in political life. We can talk about the tendencies of strengthening democracy and development of republican institutions in many countries of the world. Particular attention is paid to the conditions for the transition of oligarchic imperfect democracies to authoritarian regimes.